If Japan had not launched a full scale invasion of China in 1937, Essay

In the event that Japan had not propelled a full scale intrusion of China in 1937, would the Nanjing government have endure and brought its sta - Essay Example History specialists have theorized how things would have been diverse for the Nanjing Government, had the Japanese not propelled their invasion in to the locale. The substance of this composition will look at the qualities and shortcomings of the Nanjing government and whether it would have been fruitful in binding together and modifying China. From the year 1928 till 1937, the Kuomintang (KMT) was the predominant ideological group, yet was promptly losing their notoriety among the individuals. They had come to control in China during when the nation was involved political and social strife following the achievement of the northern endeavor in the year 1927 by a similar gathering. They bound together China under one standard however neglected to hold the country together. This unification move implied a period during which the KMT had the best potential to remake China (Cochran, 1983). The KMT party began with the honorable motivation behind building up vote based system in the natio n and wished to instruct the individuals so as to make them fit for self-overseeing. They began with a significant belief system and wished to ingrain patriot emotions inside the majority and gradually started growing their control, first from the north and afterward they worked their way down toward the southern area. The philosophy of the KMT was built up upon the convictions of Sun Yat-Sen, however after his downfall, Chiang Kai-Shek turned into the pioneer of the KMT and his approaches later on choose the course of occasions that occurred during the Nanjing decade and furthermore in a roundabout way prompted the Japanese intrusion of Nanjing (Sun Yat-Sen, 1953). The inquiry whether the Nanjing government would have been fruitful in incorporating the country has a straight forward response to it, which will be talked about in the accompanying pieces of the writing. The best defect of this whole campaign was the way that it was done basically by military power and the gathering di d not have a solid belief system that would attract the assorted scope of individuals living the nation and join them on a solitary stage. KMT further didn't present the pertinent land changes that would ensure the interests of the laborers and ranchers, which normally made them attracted by the socialist group of the general public. Remaking turned out to be even troublesome as the split among socialism and republicanism escalated. It was belief system that isolated them, yet the shortcoming of their political pioneer was likewise one of the urgent reasons that obstructed the State Building venture. The KMT accomplished work to enhance the budgetary and training framework that had seriously weakened the nation and were unfathomably fruitful in doing as such. In any case, regardless of their numerous accomplishments, KMT came up short on a specific measure of political insight that left them in a significant difficulty. They neglected to dispatch an undeniable majority rule in the n ation and they further didn't find a way to illuminate the individuals about the popularity based arrangement of government. The individuals remained totally uninformed with respect to the techniques of self-government and it was additionally hypothesized that the KMT needed keep up their iron-clad command over the land and were not keen on majority rules system (Musgrove, 2000). One prime case that bolsters the previously mentioned explanation happened, when the KMT party set up a ‘tutelage government’ and broadened it uncertainly past the 6 years that

Burberry Consumer Profile Report Essay Example

Burberry Consumer Profile Report Paper We take a gander at these qualities as they are the components of a potential clients life that can impact clients conduct previously, during and subsequent to making a buy. The objective market for Barberrys womens wear is ordinarily a youthful expert female, matured somewhere in the range of 25 and 30 with an elevated level of discretionary cashflow. The MRS. Social evaluation States that youthful experts who fall into social evaluations An and B acquire a compensation of thirty thousand pounds or more for each annum (see figure 1 permitting them to have an elevated level of use, which is bolstered by the diagram appeared in reference section A. Having a pay this high would propose that these things experts have finished their advanced education to a degree level, or even to the degree of a bosses or PhD (informative supplement B). The demonstrable skill of Barberrys target showcase is communicated through the articles of clothing they sell, with an enormous assortment of custom fitted pieces on offer to take into account the shoppers needs (index C). 2. 2 Geographic Characteristics The geographic attributes of a shopper don't simply concentrate on where the buyer lives, yet in addition the kind of house they live in and their neighborhood, just as where they shop. Having this data about he shopper will permit a further understanding into the sort of way of life an individual has. Measurements show that the social evaluation and salary of an individual impacts the size of the house they live in, and commonly the higher social evaluations and livelihoods will have a bigger property (informative supplements D and E). The youthful experts that Barberry targets watch out for own a couple of bed properties (informative supplements D and E), recommending that they live alone, and are in this way single, or offer with someone with whom they split the expense of lease, permitting them to have a more significant level of use. As indicated by Acorn, the youthful experts that Barberry target Generally own pads in significant towns and urban communities that Have been constructed as of late and are all the more normally found in urban areas, especially London (Acorn, 2014: on the web). Living in these zones would recommend that there is simple access to a wide range of shops and offices permitting them to accommodate their shopping in around work and different responsibilities without it being a burden. 2. 3 Personality and Lifestyle Characteristics This classification contains attributes that are considerably more close to home than hose referenced in segments 2. What's more, 2. 2, for example, music tastes, type/number of vehicles and stage in way of life. Organizations Will take a gander at these attributes to assist them with increasing a far and away superior thought of their objective buyers way of life, and subsequently have the option to showcase and publicize their items all the more viably. Utilizi ng the data expressed in segment 2. 1 we can tell that since they live in significant towns and urban communities, those in Buyers target showcase don't keep an eye on own a vehicle (reference section F), again permitting them to have additional cash to spend on We will compose a custom exposition test on Burberry Consumer Profile Report explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Burberry Consumer Profile Report explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Burberry Consumer Profile Report explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Barberry items, as they don't need to spend it on vehicle protection, duty and petroleum. Living alone in a city without a vehicle recommends that the customer could be considered as being in the lone wolf/peacock or early nester phase of their way of life, implying that they are single or have quite recently started living with an accomplice and don't have any kids, again giving them a more significant level of discretionary cashflow. Purchasers official site has a sobbing titled acoustic, where clients can go to tune in to the music of things British groups that Barberry puts stock in. (A, Politicking. 2010: on the web). This sort of music is moderate and loose, like that of the music played all through Barberry stores. There is a tremendous spotlight on music all through the brand; this is on the grounds that boss innovative official, Christopher Bailey, feels that music Sets the directional state of mind for what were dealing with. (The Guardian, on the web: 2013). 2. 4 Attitudes , Interests and Opinions Characteristics Much like the attributes of segment 2. , the perspectives, interests and sentiments can differ drastically from purchaser to buyer and takes a gander at a people sees, style, superstar impacts and garments types. 3. 0 The Brand This area of this report alludes to the various components of the showcasing blend to appear and talk about how Barberry effectively use their insight into their objective buyer and their assets to fit in with the general objective shopper condition. 3. 1 Product 3. 2 Price As Barberry is a top notch architect brand the valuing of their items will mirror this. Barberry realizes that their objective customer will address significant expenses for their items as the significant expense of Buyers items recommends top notch, which is the thing that their objective purchaser is after and subsequently builds attractive quality of an item. Albeit all item costs are premium, Buyers value range will change contingent upon which dissemination mark you are buying from, as Barberry Proms is more costly than Barberry London, which is more costly than Barberry Bruit. Barberry utilize serious valuing, putting the costs of their items like those of its rivals. Typically in an in store condition, Barberry will utilize the center market way to deal with valuing, or a non-serious value approach, implying that item costs are not clearly shown and are shrouded away on names inside the items, or not expressed at all so clients need to approach a business aide at a cost. 3. Spot Barberry offers its items to the shopper through physical retail channels, including mainline stores, concessions in glory retail chains, outlets and Barberry establishments, just as through their own value-based site and the sites of stores, for example, Harrows, Selfridges, Harvey Nichols and other retail establishments in which they have concessions. As of March 31, 01 3, the organization had 206 mainline stores, 214 concessions, 49 outlets, and 65 establishment stores to be discovered everywhere throughout the world. (Yippee, on the web: no date). The way that Barberry mostly sell through concessions have the two focal points and weaknesses. Concessions are a more affordable route for an organization to sell their image in another region and they give the client a thought of what sort of brand you are, for instance, concessions in Selfridges would give the impression of a top of the line brand. Then again, concessions don't permit you to have your own image character, it is simpler for clients to contrast our items and different brands and they have less stock and in this manner less decision. A vast greater part of Barberry stores are arranged in extraordinarily populated urban areas and regions where they will increase most client contact. For example, there are eleven Barberry stores and three concessions in London alone (see supplement G). Inside these urban areas, Barberry stores are commonly positioned in enormous strip malls, occupied high Streets and town focuses. Putting their stores in these areas implies that the foundation around them will regularly be acceptable with OK stopping offices, open vehicle joins and an assortment of bands to buy food and drink, making the stores effectively available, progressively pleasurable and less upsetting to visit, expanding the odds of clients visiting once more. Another advantage of having their stores in these areas is the high footfall of potential clients, the prime areas imply that even buyers who had not intended to visit the store may choose to go in and have a peruse while cruising by. It is incredibly extraordinary for Barberry stores to be found in an area where the stores encompassing it are not other planner marks that would be considered Barberrys contenders. Normally, the stores that neighbor and are near to Barberry will have a place with brands, for example, Ralph Lauren, Gucci and YES, which not just pulls in a shopper that is bound to make a buy yet in addition assists with keeping the brands feeling of selectiveness and cost. This is on the grounds that these brands all have a similar objective buyer and draw in a similar client. It would be more uncertain for a Barberry store to progress nicely and produce adequate pay in the event that it were encircled by high road shops like Primary, HM and Tops as they have altogether different objective markets. 4. Special Methods Promotion is broadly known as the fourth p inside the showcasing blend and is the administration procedure answerable for speaking with clients so as to advise and fulfill their necessities and needs (Easy 2002:168). This segment of the report centers around the diverse limited time strategies utilized by Barberry to build their image mindfulness and to elevate their items to their objective customer effectively in such a vigorously immersed advertise. 4. 1 Advertising Barberry utilizes its commercials to strengthen its extravagance, traditionally British picture. The advertisements highlight notable British backgrounds, British symbols, normally British climate and music from British groups that can be found on Barberry acoustic, referenced in segment 2. 3. As referenced in segment 2. 1 toward the start of the report, the objective customer for Buyers womens wear is females matured 25-30 and by utilizing superstars and symbols who might normally speak to ladies of that age section in their ads, they are capable increment the enthusiasm for the brand by an extraordinary sum. For instance, visuals of model Car Delivering and on-screen character Eddie Redeemed were discharged at the eight of Delusiveness profession and not long before the arrival of the 201 2 film creation of Less Miserable, in which Redeemed has a main job (figure 2). Barberry is known to have their visual notices in an assortment of top of the line style magazines including Vogu

Illegal Immigration, good or bad?

Unlawful movement has been continuing for many years as of now. Be that as it may, throughout the years it has been expanding significantly. Unlawful settlers have been poured over the fringe to snatch agrarian occupations during the laborer deficiencies encouraged by World War II. The farmers and ranchers along the fringe flourished from the deluge of modest work and they did their absolute best to shield displaced people from being expelled Today, in any case, we find that movement isn't viewed as a constructive for our nation, but instead it is certainly viewed as an issue today in America.Some may accept that the danger of illicit settlers depends on unsound feelings of trepidation. In any case, as I would like to think most illicit settlers come here to carry on with a superior life than they lived in the nation they lived in previously. Most endure where they used to live, in this manner, they choose to move some place where they think the economy is better and they will have a superior chance to find a new line of work, and live a superior life.Many accept that its unjustifiable that low-salary settlers get open advantages, for example, Supplemental Assistance Nutrition Program (SNAP) at lower rate than low-pay conceived residents. Numerous individuals state that outsiders utilize more open advantages than the local conceived. This has made a great deal of genuine and out of line trouble for residents. Every single illicit outsider enter a nation they’re not from feeling that on the off chance that they don’t they won’t have the option to give their children a superior life and better training chances. There are as of now right around 12 million illicit foreigners in America.

Organizations in the Engineering and Technology Environment

â€Å"Adversity resembles a solid breeze. It tears from every one of us however the things that can't be torn, with the goal that we consider ourselves to be we truly are.† Adversity suggests challenges, inconvenience and mishap as it tests the capability of man and fortifies his soul of fearlessness. In the novel Indian Horse composed by Richard Wagamese there are numerous conditions where the principle character Saul is compelled to beat the difficulty wherein once broke his human soul and caused him to feel useless. The thoughts of affliction, for example, being beaten at private schools and the prejudice he confronted while playing hockey, exhibits Saul’s consistent internal battle and his craving to turn into an all the more influential person. All through the novel Saul is presented to numerous agonizing encounters that leave him practically zero character and an unbelievable point of view. We rapidly discover that when Saul was a youngster, he was detracted from his family and constrained into an Indian Residential School where he saw and experienced maltreatment on account of the school’s teachers. â€Å"They considered it a school yet it was never that†¦.There were no tests or assessments. The main test was our capacity to survive.†(Pg.79) The feelings present in the statement speak to the torment and misery he suffered while being coercively shown the methods of the white individuals. The school he is alluding to is St. Jerome’s Indian Residential School; which many depicted as â€Å"Hell on earth†. Saul is quickly tossed into a universe of extraordinary passionate and physical maltreatment welcomed on by the hands of the nuns and clerics that are acclimatizing the youngsters. â€Å"They took me to St. Jerome’s Indian Residential School. I read once that there are gaps known to mankind that swallow all light, all bodies. St. Jerome’s took all the light from my reality. All that I knew evaporated behind me with a discernible wash, similar to the sound a moose makes vanishing into spruce.†(Pg.43) The clear detail of this statement alone gives greater clearness to the effect Residential Schools had on individuals and shows the bad form endured by the First Nations People. The numerous beatings, suicides and sexual attacks broke numerous children’s human soul and made a feeling of life that wasn’t worth living. â€Å"When your blamelessness is taken from you, when your kin are criticized, when the family you originated from is upbraided and your ancestral ways and ceremonies are articulated backward,â primitive, savage, you come to consider yourself to be not exactly human. That is terrible, that feeling of shamefulness. That’s what they delivered on us.†(Pg.81) The statement speaks to how they were taken from all that they had ever know, for example, their language, ceremonies, customs and even decision of food. Over a brief timeframe, the beatings and dangers disparaged the kids and imparted them with constant dread. At the point when taken all together, the repulsiveness of going to this Residential School stripped Saul’s, however all the children’s guiltlessness, customs and character. Beside the horrendous encounters while going to the Residential School, Saul had to conquer numerous afflictions while taking part in his enthusiasm for hockey. First and foremost Saul finds that his affection for hockey fills in as a mean of getaway. â€Å"I hushed up about my disclosures and I constantly ensured that I left the outside of the arena immaculate. For the remainder of the day, I’d stroll through the diminish lobbies of school warmed by my mystery. I not, at this point felt sad, chill air around me since I had Father Leboutilier, the ice, the mornings and the guarantee of a game that I would before long be mature enough to play.(66) Throughout the statement it exhibits how hockey gives him a feeling of expectation . It is through hockey that Saul can escape from his existence and blade what was taken from him: fellowships, family and a feeling of self. Despite the fact that as Saul’s future appears to point towards fighting for a situation inside the Nati onal Hockey League, the consistent prejudice and evading from â€Å"the white man’s game† disintegrates his confidence in the one thing that gave him life outside of the Residential School. â€Å"But there were second when you’d get another boy’s attention and realize that you were both considering it. Everything was contained in that look. All the hurt. All the disgrace. Extremely popular. The white individuals thought it was their game. They thought it was their world.†(136) This statement uncovers how Saul’s energy for hockey is squashed by ‘the white people’ who feel that Indians can’t play hockey. What used to be his salvation ends up being simply one more thing that has a place with the white man. They feel as though the round of hockey just has a place with the white individuals and should just be played by individuals of a similar race. The numerous difficulties Saul had looked from fans decreasing his capacity to play hockey, and the brutal boisterous attack continually cried at him as a result of his skin shading, immediately debilitated his human soul and developed enough resentment that he could scarcely contain. â€Å"During one game the fans broke into a ludicrous war serenade at whatever point I ventured ontoâ the ice†¦.When I scored, the ice was covered with plastic Indian dolls..† This statement is alluding to when Saul joined an all white man group and how he was generally abhorred for breaking their convention of â€Å"the white man’s games†. Generally speaking, Saul’s love for hockey that once permitted him to pick up opportunity and getaway was presently taken from him because of his disagreeable fans and the hypothesis of â€Å"the white man’s game†. Through the beatings inside the Residential School and the bigotry he confronted while playing hockey, we can perceive how Saul was influenced both inside and remotely. With each sentence and each section you become acquainted with the mind blowing will of a kid who has needed to persevere through more than anybody ought to in a lifetime. At such an early age, Saul had to confront different sorts of misfortune and his most noticeably awful feelings of trepidation which made enduring consequences for his life. The creator passes on that remaining consistent with your foundations is the thing that will get you through life’s hindrances regardless of allurements which may veer you from finding your actual self. This epic outlines that hockey isn't just a game, however has the ability to tie us together. Regardless of what shading your skin or where you originate from, it’s the adoration for the game that gives us that we truly are not so extraordinary all things considered.

The First Experimental Psychology Lab

The First Experimental Psychology Lab History and Biographies Print The First Experimental Psychology Lab By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on September 16, 2019 Image from the Wikimedia Commons More in Psychology History and Biographies Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming While the study of the mind and behavior may be a subject as old as time, psychology has not always existed as it does today. Most experts actually consider psychology itself a relatively young discipline. So when did psychology really start to emerge as a science? Psychology originally had its earliest roots in philosophy and physiology. According to most psychology historians, it was the establishment of the very first experimental psychology lab that officially marked psychologys beginnings as a separate and distinct discipline.?? When exactly was the first psychology lab formed and who was responsible for this important event in psychology history? The question of which lab was first really depends on whether we look at experimental labs or teaching labs. It might seem like a minor distinction, but it was the formation of the first lab devoted to the experimental study of the mind that truly set psychology off on its own path as an academic and scientific discipline. The Worlds First Psychology Lab Wilhelm Wundt, a German doctor, and psychologist (seated in photo) was responsible for creating the worlds first experimental psychology lab.?? This lab was established in 1879 at the University of Leipzig in Germany. By creating an academic laboratory devoted to the study of experimental psychology, Wundt officially took psychology from a sub-discipline of philosophy and biology to a unique scientific discipline.?? Because of the important role that Wundt played in psychology history, he is often regarded as the father of psychology. Wundt had a significant influence on early psychology and left his mark on some of his most famous students who included James McKeen Cattell and G. Stanley Hall. In addition to being an important figure in the history of psychology, many students were trained in his lab and went on to make their own important contributions to the field of psychology.?? The First Psychology Lab in the U.S. In 1883, Wundts student G. Stanley Hall created the first experimental psychology lab in the United States at John Hopkins University. This helped mark the establishment of psychology in the U.S. and contributed to the further growth of the field.?? Wundt, James, and Hall: Who Was First? It may surprise many to learn that neither Wundt nor Hall can exclusively lay claim to having the worlds first lab or the first American lab. In 1875, a full four years before Wundt established his lab and eight years before Hall established his, Williams James formed a psychology lab at Harvard University.?? So why is James not credited with creating the worlds first laboratory, or at the very least, Americas first lab? Because his lab was used for teaching demonstrations rather than experimentation and original research. For this reason, Wundt and Hall are generally credited with creating the first and second experimental psychology labs.?? The establishment of the worlds first psychology lab is so significant because prior to this time, psychology was still in its infancy and not yet viewed as a distinct discipline in its own right. By forming an experimental lab devoted to the scientific study of the human mind and behavior, Wundt was able to formally establish psychology as a separate field of study. A Word From Verywell Modern psychology is quite different from its rather modest beginnings in Wundts lab. While this first psychology lab likely bears little resemblance to the labs of today, this early experimental setting helped pave the way for the future of psychology. By taking a scientific approach to the study of the human mind and behavior, Wundts lab formally established psychology as a science separate and distinct from the fields of philosophy and biology.  Wundts lab was also used to help train other psychologists who went on to help spread psychology throughout the world. Soon, other labs began appearing outside of Germany and the United States, including psych labs in Russia, China, France, and Canada.

The Importance of the Nursing Code of Ethics - Free Essay Example

There is a general acceptance that ethics education is difficult both to assess and teach. Especially in todays health care environment where patient autonomy is valued over traditional paternalistic approaches coupled with the accelerating advances in technology, serious questions arise whether ethics education has a new role to play to promote high quality healthcare. Ethical dilemmas are common occurrence in all areas of nursing practice. According to the International Council of Nurses (ICN), Nurses render health services to the individual, the family, and the community and coordinate their services with those of related groups (ICN, 2005, p?). With that being said, nurses will have many occasions when they encounter situations that are far more complex than just simply caring for patients. This emphasizes nursing primary ethical obligations to the care of the patients and also how ethics education is an essential component that can prepares nurses for their everyday practice. As a matter of fact, majority of students who have an understanding of moral responsibility and delegation in the written test, often uncertain or fail to enact the principles they have learned when they have to face the reality of professional practices (Wintrup, 2015). Additionally, such fears of speaking out or reporting colleagues are found to exist among health care professionals, negatively influenced care and treatment for patients (Wintrup, 2015). Another key point often overlooked is that students have diverse perspectives about the meaning of respect for human dignity. The diverse academic backgrounds and clinical experiences of students also play a crucial role in how they would learn the concept of respect for human dignity (Wintrup, 2015). Given these points, it is important for both practitioners and students to be more aware of the role of values and recognize the influences of their own, as well as the values of those they are working to help in order to deliver a safer, compassionate and caring services (Wintrup, 2015). Solving ethical issues requires critical thinking skills rather than just learning to match correct responses. Respect for human dignity deserves to be fully understood within the context of nursing practice as it is an integral concept for the six ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, fidelity, veracity, and justice (BOOK). Nurses should use the Nurses Code of Ethics as resources to help them make decisions regarding the practice setting and in their delivery of patient care. In conclusion, ethics education has a role to play in supporting nurses to be fully involved as moral agents, to promote higher quality of health care services. In order to gain a deeper understanding of dignity within practice, nurses must show a desire to learn about dignity, conduct research and exploring dignity within oneself. It is hoped for that nurses who come to better understand themselves and learn how to make decisions in line with their own beliefs, are able to put patients before themselves by being honest and open regardless of the consequences for themselves.

The Ideas Of A University - 922 Words

In John Henry Cardinal Newman’s discourse â€Å"The Ideas of a University† (1852), he sought to answer the question, â€Å"What is there is to show for the expense of a University; what is the real worth in the market of the article called ‘a Liberal Education.’† While this question was asked in the 1800s, many in today’s society still ask it today. One issue Newman argues for is the purpose of a university education, specifically the â€Å"utility† of the Liberal Arts. Although around one hundred and fifty years later, in many ways Newman’s claims and arguments on the issue of education in his time can be related to the issue of education in society today. Newman argues that universities should teach â€Å"all branches of knowledge† in order to fulfill its ultimate function in producing useful members of society through a process of nurturing the mind; furthermore, this production is the duty of human beings to their soci ety, nation, and world. In society today, many call into question the overall usefulness of a university education in the real world. In his time, Newman argues in favor of this method of education, stating that its purpose is the â€Å"training [of] good members of society† and its end result is for the â€Å"fitness for the world.† While careful to explain that he believes universities should teach â€Å"all branches of knowledge,† Newman argues that education will enable these students to be more useful in society due to their learned ability to formulate reasonable opinionsShow MoreRelatedThe Idea Of A University1528 Words   |  7 Pages23, 2015 The Idea of a University: Knowledge Its Own End Analysis The purpose of John Newman’s fifth discourse in, The Idea of a University: Knowledge Its Own End is to define the purpose of a University. Newman’s main claim â€Å"knowledge is its own end† is the focal point for discussion. Newman argues it is nearly impossible to contract the separate sciences in subject matter from knowledge, therefore, the attempt to break down what his claim means is reliant upon multiple ideas. Moreover, NewmanRead MoreEssay about Education: The Idea of A University1783 Words   |  8 PagesEducation: The Idea of A University It is true that every human being should have the right to a formal education. A great majority of parents send their children off to Kindergarten (or preschool if they should be so fortunate) in the hopes that someday they will watch their child receive his or her high school diploma. And the dream continues in the form of college. And who are these people who are privileged enough to receive such an honor. Just that...the privileged and the honored. TheRead MoreIdea of a University by John Henry Newman: Is This Still True Today?1028 Words   |  5 Pages In 1852 when John Henry Newman wrote his essay, â€Å"The Idea of a University,† he wanted to convey that a University’s purpose was to be able to educate first-rate members of the social order. Newman’s theory, although over a hundred years old, still applies to today’s college students; many are seeking higher educations to not only lead to successful careers, but to also become an im proved person in society. In a time when human endeavor was being redesigned, as industries, philosophiesRead MoreThe Idea Of Gatorade Was First Created By The University Of Florida Assistant Coach Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesThe idea of Gatorade was first created by the University of Florida assistant football coach when he was curious as to why many of his players were affected by the heat and contracted heat related illnesses. He worked together with a group of physicians from the university and discovered two factors as to why the players were feeling like this during practices and games. They found that the fluids and electrolytes the players lost through sweat were not being replaced and the amounts of carbs inRead MoreUniversity Plagiarism List Essay624 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Plagiarism In today’s era of education, plagiarism is a global issue, each university is facing heavy issue. It is derived from the Latin word â€Å"predatory†, which means kidnapping or theft. Stealing the intangible such as words, thoughts, illustrations or ideas is plagiarism (Girard, 2004). People have different views on plagiarism. Neville (2010) mentioned plagiarism is an academic term which consider the decision not to allocate credit to the work of others. Easterby-smith et al (2008, p50)Read MoreThe Newman Essay1278 Words   |  6 Pagesstudents require going to university? Is university the best place for students to become successful person with value job? According to Newman, he believes that students require studying in the university because it is the place to train the intellect and prepare for their future. Moreover, Newman considers that students should study all subjects in the college because these all branches of knowledge are connected together and relate tog ether. When people read the Newman Idea, most people will agreeRead MoreEthics And Intellectual Property Of Intellectual Properties1217 Words   |  5 PagesWhen discussing a creation or idea, the creator of such concept must be rewarded. This must be the case for any situation. For most cases this is true, but because the ownership of such properties bring financial benefits, and or settlements, regulations will continue to challenge what is right or wrong when dealing with intellectual property. This is accurate for many industries, field, and markets. The owner ship of intellectual properties can take a creation or idea worldwide, the profits fromRead MoreAnalysis of Managerial Decisions: Medford University1608 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis 03 Analyzing Managerial Decisions – Medford University Kajli Agrawal University of the Potomac BUS502-Managerial Economics January 25, 2015 Professor Geraldine Cameron Abstract Medford University is up against a financial crises and the management have found the need to tackle the crises on high priority. The primary focus is to tackle the considerable cost of fringe benefits and retirement benefits offered by the university to its employees. A whooping $100 million is spentRead MoreSafe Spaces, Safer Spaces And Positive Spaces1710 Words   |  7 Pagessubtle displays of racial or sexual bias – so that everyone can relax enough to explore the nuances of, say, a fluid gender identity. As long as all parties consent to such restrictions, these little islands of self-restraint seem like a perfectly fine idea.†[1] Where did the names safe spaces, safer-spaces and positive spaces come from? Originally these terms were used to indicate that a teacher, educational institution or student body does not tolerate anti-LGBT violence, harassment or hate speechRead MoreStudents Face A Different Education System983 Words   |  4 Pagesplagiarise. However, according to U.S universities, a person commits plagiarism if they present the ideas or words of another person as their own without proper recognition of the original author (Indiana University, 2005, Paragraph 2). When international students don’t understand the concept of plagiarism according to U.S universities, it is difficult for them to study and work in the universities. However, it is possible to understand American universities’ view towards plagiarism by understanding

Personal Financial Plan - 1391 Words

Personal Financial Plan FIS 210 Personal Finance Axia College of the University of Phoenix As I begin my personal financial plan, I will start with my goals for different points in my life. This will outline the overall plan for getting my finances in order. Even though I may not have enough time to complete my goals, completing my goals are important because of financial well-being and being able to retire comfortably. I will start with my long-term goals for my future. One long-term goal is that I need to pay off high interest credit cards. The second long term-goal is that I need to pay off school loans that I and my son have acquired while going to college. An extremely important long-term goal is to pay off my home†¦show more content†¦The program is very helpful and I can look up questions that I might have. I hope to use my refund to add to my savings plans. Retirement is a big part of the reason for every plan that I have in place. Retirement is on everyone that works mind. Almost everything that I am saving for at this point is for my retirement. I have a couple of retirement plans already. I just have not had much extra money to place in them. Now that I have a budget that I did not have before, I can after the first of the year start adding to them. A strong budget and savings can help me enter retirement and not have to struggle. As I get older and look toward retirement I have realized that I need to make sure my family is taken care of in the event of my death. I have a $150,000 term life insurance policy in place. In doing my assignments I realize that this amount might not be enough to take care of everything. In retirement my plan is to sell my home and buy a piece of property to build a smaller home, for my husband and me. We will not need a big house and can use the equity from the sale to pay for the new place. I want to be debt free, car payment and mortgage free in retirement. Until my retirement I intend to finish school and look for a new job. I hope to working in a bank or possibly in an office doing something in the accounting department. At the present time I have had an interview at our local Work One. I hope to hear something fromShow MoreRelatedPersonal Financial Plan1082 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal Financial Plan Part 1 Laura Grundowski Abstract This paper will discuss the beginning of my personal financial plan. It will also outline said plan into a budget that will be put to use throughout the next few months. Budgeting is a vital part of managing one’s personal finances. When beginning to budget one must pinpoint the sources of cash inflows and cash outflows. Having knowledge of your personal financial situation is also necessary in managing personal finances. If doneRead MorePersonal Financial Plan2798 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿Financial Plan Project By ADM 3445 E. Otuteye March 31st, 2010 1. Personal Characteristics/Goals The following consist of a constructed financial plan for Tyler Sisson. He is a single 22 year old and is completing his fourth year in the business program at University of New Brunswick. He has an apartment on Montgomery street, were he walks to school everyday, and plans toRead MorePersonal Financial Plan Part II1330 Words   |  6 PagesHead: PERSONAL FINANCIAL PLAN PART II​​​1 ​​ Personal Financial Plan Part II Zeinab Bazzi Baker College Personal Financial Plan Part II Daily economic activities have an important influence on personal financial planning. In our society, the forces of supply and demand play an important role in setting prices. Economics is the study of how wealth is created and distributed. By doing my research, I found that each economic situation would affect me at a personal levelRead MorePersonal Financial Plan For Insurance Coverage1030 Words   |  5 PagesIII: INSURANCE Current Insurance Policies and needed be During the process of filling out my personal financial plan the subject of insurance coverage has been reflected upon in every chapter. Each chapter and worksheet conveyed how vital the purchase of insurance is. It wasn’t until recently when I actually had to utilize my insurance that I found how beneficial it is. At this moment I have almost every coverage on the list: Rental Insurance, Automobile, Health, and Life insurance. DisabilityRead MorePersonal Financial Plan Part IIi1992 Words   |  8 Pages Personal Financial Plan Part III Group 10 Baker College Risk Management Every day of our daily lives we are exposed to a large variety of risks. Those risks can include large financial losses that may occur from investing in the stock market, to damage to your vehicle while driving to work, or fire damaged to your property while on vacation. All those unforeseen events can have the ability to drain all your financial resources, which can cause some major damage to your financial goalsRead MoreEssay on My Personal Financial Plan4406 Words   |  18 PagesMy Personal Financial Plan I. Current A. Description Currently I am a full time student, and senior, at majoring in Accounting and Finance. I do not have a part time job and do not plan to work until I graduate. I currently have taken out student loans to support myself through the rest of my college education. My parents pay for insurance payments for my car, cover my phone bill, and provide me with medical insurance. I pay for all the rest of my expenses, including rent, foodRead MoreQ1 T1977 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ (TCO 1) A(n) _____ summarizes your current financial situation, analyzes your financial   needs, and recommends a direction for your financial activities.    Student Answer:   insurance prospectus      statement      budget      investment forecast      financial plan    Instructor Explanation: Chapter 1, page 24    Points Received: 0 of 1    Comments:   2. Question : (TCO 1) In financial planning, a major activity component involves the    Student Answer:   allocation of current resources forRead MoreA personal financial plan is essentially important for any person and their loved ones to minimize1600 Words   |  7 PagesA personal financial plan is essentially important for any person and their loved ones to minimize future hardships and difficult financial situations. Short and long-term financial freedom and stability is something an individual wants to have through to the end of his or her life. Financially planning for one’s retirement years is vital so a person does not sustain major unhappiness or unnecessary pain in what is supposed to be the reward for working so hard in their younger years. DevelopingRead MorePersonal Investment692 Words   |  3 PagesPERSONAL INVESTMENT Personal investment is defined as an individual invest and manage their own financial instrument, such as, stocks, bonds, property and others. This personal investment is in aims of improve the liquidity and efficiency of the equity and capital of the individual. Basically, the individual investors have to develop their own investment plan and framework based on different characteristics of the individual investors. This is because the personal investment is very subjective,Read MorePersonal Financial Goals And Objectives Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesFinancial Plan is a written financial goal with define action plans that will help you to achieve such goals. Planning is important to set deliberate actions that will guide you in reaching your goals. It is even necessary when you are further from the set goal. When it comes to money, most individuals would love to manage their personal finances so that they achieve maximum satisfaction from each available currency. To achieve this goal, you must first identify the financial goals and set priorities

Acid Test For Starch And Glycogen - 1153 Words

Solution #9 Clear, colorless solution. P; Purple Protein Solution (+control) #10 Clear, yellow-orange solution. N Beer #11 Clear, colorless solution. N Distilled Water(-control) #12 Clear, colorless solution. P; Purple Unknown *Table #2 shows the results of biuret test on the given 12 samples, in which 2 are indicated positive: sample #9, the positive control of this section, and sample #12, the unknown. Table #3 Iodine Test for Starch and Glycogen in the Given Samples Samples Observation of Samples†¦show more content†¦P; Reddish Brown 1% Glycogen Solution #8 Clear, colorless solution. P; Blue-Black 1% Starch Solution #9 Clear, colorless solution. N Protein Solution #10 Clear, yellow-orange solution. N Beer #11 Clear, colorless solution. N Distilled Water(-control) #12 Clear, colorless solution. N Unknown *Table #3shows the results of iodine test on the given 12 samples, in which 2 are indicated positive: sample #7, the glycogen solution, and sample #8, the starch solution. The two can also be considered as positive controls for this section. Table #4 Benedict s Test for Oligosaccharides in the Given Samples #1 Clear, colorless solution. P; Brown 1% Glucose Solution (+control) #2 Clear, colorless solution. N 0.3% Glucose -1-phosphate #3 Clear, colorless solution. P; Reddish Brown 1% Maltose Solution #4 Clear, slightly yellow solution. P; Orange Honey Solution #5 Clear, colorless solution. N 1%

Breakthrough Therapy For Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic...

Introduction Breakthrough Therapy Designation is introduced as a new designation with the passage of the FDA Safety and Innovation Act of 2012 (FDASIA) [1]. According to section 902 of the FDASIA, the general criteria according to which this new designation can be applied are (1) serious or life-threatening disease or condition and (2) the drug also demonstrates substantial improvement over existing therapies on one or more clinically significant endpoints. Once a drug is designated as a Breakthrough Therapy, the FDA and the drug sponsor work closely to determine the most efficient pathway for generating additional evidence about safety and efficacy. As of March 31, 2015, a total of 293 requests for Breakthrough Therapy designation have been submitted, out of which 82 requests are granted [2]. This document outlines the application process for Breakthrough Therapy designation for novel drugs. It then proceeds with outlining the supporting data needed to apply for a Breakthrough Therapy designation for a novel anti-cancer molecule that has evidence of efficacy to treat patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. When to apply for designation request The Breakthrough Therapy designation is granted on the basis of evaluating preliminary clinical evidence obtained from clinical trial data in humans. The data from animal studies or studies conducted in vitro are insufficient to defend this Breakthrough Therapy designation [1] . Therefore, a sponsor usually submits a BreakthroughShow MoreRelatedLeukemia1235 Words   |  5 PagesLeukemia Description: Leukemia is a type of blood cancer that begins in the bone marrow. Types of leukemia- acute or chronic: Acute leukemia gets worse very fast and may make you feel sick right away. Chronic leukemia gets worse slowly and may not cause symptoms for years. And Lymphocytic or myelogenous: lymphocytic affects the white blood cells called lymphocytes and myelogenous affects the white blood cells called myelocytes. Sign and symptoms: fever/ night sweats, headaches, bruising/bleedingRead MoreEssay about Leukemia and Its Treatment843 Words   |  4 Pages Leukemia is something that we hear about a lot. I believe that people do not understand exactly what leukemia is and how dangerous it can be, I chose this topic to try to help them understand. In this paper I will explain what leukemia is and what treatments you can choose from to treat the cancer. Leukemia is a type of cancer. Cancer is a group of more than 100 diseases that have two or more important things in common. One is that certain cells in the body become abnormal. Another is that theRead MoreReview of Cancer Treatments2177 Words   |  9 Pages and Gleevec. They all have a different tasks and developments that take affects in the body but each remarkable in its own way. INTRODUCTION Cancer in one way or another touches all of us, whether as a patient or through the diagnosis of the people you love around you. Millions of patients who are faced with cancer are depending on oncologists everywhere to cure cancer so others will not suffer like they had to. Optimistically, sooner rather than later this international problem will come toRead MoreCauses And Consequences Of Cancer Essay2258 Words   |  10 Pagesare expected to be diagnosed, out of which 589,430 patients are expected to lose their battle against cancer in 2015.3 Currently, cancer is the second most common cause of death in the US after heart diseases, causing the deaths of about 1,620 people per day and is expected to become number one within next few years.4 The significant increase in a number of cancer patients every year has propelled the interest of scientists to hunt for novel therapies to treat cancer. As a result, many new advancesRead MorePediatric Nursing Study Guide -- Covering Communicable Diseases/ Blood Disorders/Childhood Cancers/Integumentary5211 Words   |  21 Pages* Varicella pneumonia (rare in normal children) * Hemorrhagic Varicella (tiny hemorrhages in vesicles and numerous petechiae in skin) * Chronic or transient thrombocytopenia * Nursing Care Management * Maintain standard, airborne and contact precautions until ALL lesions are crusted; for immunized child w mild breakthrough Varicella, isolate until no new lesions are seen. * Keep child in home away from susceptible individuals until vesicles have dried (usually 1 wk

Earth-Like Planets Free Essays

Running head: Earth-Like Planets Earth-Like Planets T. Nailor Miller-Motte College Online Critical Thinking – GS235 Dr. Marshall Lloyd Earth-Like Planets Introduction Do you believe that there is life on other planets? Better yet, do you believe that there is another planet that looks like earth? As far as I can remember, there has always been the question of â€Å"is there life in outer space? I remember being in grade school wondering if there were humans or aliens on other planets and if they were trying to communicate with us. We will write a custom essay sample on Earth-Like Planets or any similar topic only for you Order Now Around January 1986 the Space Shuttle Challenger exploded during takeoff in front of the entire world. As a teenager, this event was tragic and amazing at the same time because I felt that we were on our way to discovering new planets, solar systems, and other life forms. This tragic event was the start of my interest in outer space. Fast forward to 2012, the science community has greatly advanced our technology since the mid-eighties. Today, we have computers in everything, all types of space probes orbiting the universe, and unbelievable amounts of knowledge about outer space and other planets, but yet, and still, no proof of life in outer space. Will we ever know? Will we ever meet aliens? Only time will tell and personally I think we will, soon! After searching for an interesting subject to cover for this paper, I have discovered a very interesting article on the U. S. News website titled â€Å"Earth-Like Planet Found in Nearest Star System†. According to the article scientist say they have discovered a planet that looks like earth orbiting a star that bears a resemblance to our sun. The planet is said to be about 25 trillion miles away, making it very difficult for a space probe to reach the planet using current technology. It is estimated to take about 40,000 years to reach this planet, even though it is in the next closest planetary system to ours. â€Å"The planet, dubbed Alpha Centauri Bb, orbits a star in the Alpha Centauri system, a clump of three stars that are closer to us than any others in the night sky. It’s called Alpha Centauri Bb because the planet orbits the clump’s second-closest star, Alpha Centauri B (Cline, 2012)†. The question here is does this planet really exist, being that it is so far away? The science community and other publications believe that it does. The articles give some clues that are questionable and not all researchers agree that the planet is there. However, there are those who are absolutely convince that it actually exist. â€Å"The exquisitely high-quality data required to find an Earth-like planet doesn’t just happen by chance,† UC Berkeley astronomer Geoff Marcy wrote in an email (Khan, 2012). The writer seems to be very interested in this subject, but he only presented a few sources to start with. The main source is the lead scientist along with ten other scientists, who first published the original paper detailing and describing the entire discovery at eso. org. The reasons to accept this is that the writer provides information in the article that quotes a well-known scientist named Xavier Dumusque, a scientist at Geneva Observatory and lead author of the paper that published the discovery. Plus, the recent findings of other earth like planets, the huge amount of evidence available and the shear advancement of our technology are all motives to continue our search. Use of a special instrument that detects signal variations attached to the European Southern Observatory’s (ESO) telescope in La Silla, Chile (Cline S. , 2012), the excitement of the science community, and a special scientific technique called radial velocity (the velocity of an object in the direction of the line of sight) suggests this discovery is a major accomplishment. The writer also quoted Dumusque saying â€Å"It’s an extraordinary discovery and it has pushed our technique to the limit! † (Cline S. , 2012). What technique or techniques is the scientist referring to? What are our technical and technological limits at this point in time? Although we are able to send man to the moon, build an international space station, and send space probes deep into outer space, does not necessarily explain our technological abilities in detail. However, this information does suggest to the public that we are getting closer and closer to discovering other earth like planets. â€Å"We can’t be alone† The science community is getting very close to discovering earth-like planets and extraterrestrial life in outer space. This is considered a alued assumption among many researchers and astronomers. To date, they have actually discovered more than 800 of these exoplanets amongst the billions and billions of stars in our galaxy. The more planets found like HD40307g, the more they resemble earth with earth-like characteristics (the spinning on its axis, having a night and a day, and orbiting in the habitable zone). Astronomers are also finding them closer to our solar system. Another assumption of these findings are that humans are developing and advancing technology to communicate, navigate, and live in outer space in the near future. NASA said no candidate planet discovered thus far by Kepler â€Å"is exactly like Earth,† but noted that the spacecraft â€Å"has collected enough data to begin finding true sun-Earth analogs—Earth-size planets with a one-year orbit around stars similar to the sun. † (Poeter, 2012) According to space. com, private companies and NASA are working together to take the next step forward of launching humans into outer space. Entering the term space settlement, suggest that people can or will be living and working outside of earth, on the moon, mars, or in huge rotating orbital space settlements. The total energy resources of this solar system are about 2. 3 billion times the energy available on Earth. This is simply the Sun’s energy output — and the Sun is an enormous nuclear fusion reactor that works perfectly right now, today, and is perfectly safe — or at least isn’t going away (Globus, 2007). The claim regarding the existence of earth-like planets, do not contain any fallacies or reasoning tricks. The researchers, scientists, and astronomers are providing honest, verifiable, and creditable evidence regarding this subject. Their approach to discover earth-like planets may be from the heart and they may be very diligent in the exploration of the universe. Most of those involved including journalists who report these findings are well educated, intelligent, and experienced in the science of space study. â€Å"The interesting thing is that if they threw out some of their data, they got more precise measurements,† Eric Ford, an astronomer at the University of Florida at Gainesville, said in an interview (Khan, 2012). The use of misconceptions or myths would damage and be detrimental to their careers, reputation, and progress. Delusional reporting will only distort previous evidence of other exoplanets in outer space and therefore would challenge all findings. The clear and obvious evidence is the universal agreement among the science community in regards to the technological advancements, development of new techniques, quality of data and the cooperation and collaborative efforts of them all. The productivity of 21st century devices used to explore space produce unimaginable audio, visual, and tangible information that was never before possible. For example, the International Space Station is near completion, the Hubble Telescope orbits at the edge of the Milky Way Galaxy, and the recent landing of a space probe on Mars, are great accomplishments towards this effort in discovering life outside of earth. This supports the progression in science and is clear evidence that supports information reported by researchers, journalists, and scientists. The finding (of HD40307g) has yet to be confirmed by other analysis or observations. Not everyone is convinced this particular planet exists (Khan, 2012). There are those who are critical of the discovery of exoplanets. Eventually this will lead to more studies, research, and input on behalf of the critics. Either way this will also add to the efforts of space science as a whole. The conclusion is the science community and research scientists have found earth-like planets and we humans are closer to finding extraterrestrial life in outer space. According to several websites in the astronomer’s community, an extra-solar planet, or exoplanet, is a planet outside our Solar System but still within our Milky Way galaxy. A total of 846 such planets (665 planetary systems, including 126 multiple planetary systems) have been identified as of November 8, 2012, all of them within the Milky Way galaxy (â€Å"The extrasolar encyclopaedia,† 2012). Scientists around the world are very excited about the discovery of these exoplanets, especially Alpha Centauri Bb. According to The Independent and the L. A. Times, a new earth like planet that could have a climate that supports life and water adds to the excitement. The new planet, HD40307g is said to be in a multi-world solar system about 42 light years from our sun and sits at the right distance from its sun to allow liquid water on its surface. â€Å"It orbits well within in the stars habitable or Goldilocks zone – the region where temperatures are neither too hot nor too cold to sustain life (Hall, 2012). † With the discoveries of these planets and the rapid advancement of technology, discovering life in outer space appears to be believable and achievable. References 1. Cline, S. (2012, October 17). Earth-like planet found in nearest star system. Retrieved from http://www. usnews. com/news/articles/2012/10/17/earth-like-planet-found-in-nearest-star-system_print. html 2. The extrasolar encyclopaedia . (2012, November 8). Retrieved from http://exoplanet. eu/ 3. Khan, A. (2012, November 7). Possible earth-like planet could hold water; scientists cautious. Retrieved from http://articles. latimes. com/2012/nov/07/science/la-sci-sn-earthlike-planet-water-atmosphere-red-light-20121107 4. Hall, J. (2012, November 8). Revealed: New earth-like planet that could have a life-supporting climate and water. Retrieved from http://www. independent. co. uk/news/science/revealed-new-earthlike-planet-that-could-have-a-lifesupporting-climate-and-water-8297750. html – (Hall, 2012) 5. Globus, A. (2007, August 2). Space settlement and war. Retrieved from http://www. space. com/4140-space-settlement-war. html – (Globus, 2007) 6. Poeter, D. (2012, November 17). NASA’s Kepler renews hunt for earth-like planets. Retrieved from http://www. pcmag. com/article2/0,2817,2412264,00. asp – (Poeter, 2012) How to cite Earth-Like Planets, Papers

Australian Exchange Rate-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1. If investors expect an increase in the interest rate paid on US deposits, how the Australian exchange rate will change? Explain. 2. If there is a permanent exogenous decrease in the US money supply, please discuss its short run and long run effects on the US and Australian money markets, and the exchange rate, US$/AU$. 3. On 22nd of March 2018, US Federal Reserve raised interest rate by 0.25%. Correspondingly, however, Australian dollar (AU$) appreciated relative to the US dollar. Please search relevant information and use what you have learnt from this unit to explain this AU$ appreciation. Answers: 1.According to the investment theory, if there is rise in interest rate, then the aggregate private investment level will tend to rise (Friedman 2017). Considering the given scenario, where US and Australia is indulged in investment, if there is expected rise in return in US deposits, then more people from Australia will investment in the US banks. With rise in the investment flow from Australia to US market, there will be enhanced demand scenario in front of the US dollar and on the other hand demand of the Australian dollar will subsequently fall (Keynes 2016). With lower demand of the Australian dollar exchange rate of the country will eventually get depreciated. Thus if there is future expectation that interest rate paid on US deposits will increase, then it will depreciate the Australian exchange rate. Figure 1: Exchange rate framework Source: (Created by Author) Figure 1 highlights the exchange rate framework. From the above figure it can be seen that initial equilibrium between the AUD and USD takes place at point 1, where the dollar rate of return is R$. Now, if there is expectation regarding the rise in the dollar return from the US deposits, then it will force the expected return curve to move upward (marked with the blue expected return curve). Hypothetically if it is assumed that new equilibrium takes place at point 2, then it will enhance the exchange rate on behalf of the US. Contrary to this, exchange rate of the AUD will subsequently fall from its initial point (Point 2017). Thus, to conclude it can be said that if there is expected rise in interest rate paid on US deposits, then it will depreciate the Australian dollar. 2.Decrease in money supply cause differently to the economy on different period. For instance if there is decrease in exogenous money supply then it would reduce the money velocity and will lead to appreciation of USD compared to the other currency (Haberler 2017). Considering the given scenario of money supply if there is decrease in money supply in the US, then it would cause differently on different scenario. Appreciation of the money supply will reduce the export of the US goods in Australian economy and in long run it would hamper the US exchange depreciating the USD/AUD exchange rate. With reduced money supply, however, in long run the scenario will be different. For instance if there is appreciation in the exchange rate through exogenous decrease in the US money supply, then US regulatory agency will consider the monetary reformation (Bahmani and Saha 2015). Government of US would increase the money supply through monetary reformation policy. Increase in money supply will infl uence the aggregate demand and in addition it will reduce the interest rate. Through reduction in the interest rate in long run economy of US will adjust the exchange rate with Australian economy which will enhance the bilateral trade. On the other hand Australian money market will take contractionary monetary plan that can help the economy to withstand higher investment from US economy. Figure 2: Money supply framework Source: (Created by Author) Considering the figure 2, it can be seen that if there is permanent decrease in US money supply, then it would lead the money supply curve downward causing change in equilibrium from 1 to 2. From the second panel of the figure 2, it can be seen that money supply in US economy will increase in long run and in short run it will lower than the US real money supply requirement. On the other hand decreased exogenous money supply will lead to fall in the exchange rate of USD/AUD. Interest rate of the US economy will fall and through fall in the interest rate of the US economy, investors will invest in more amount in the Australian economy (Serrano and Summa 2015). This rise in investment in the Australian economy will appreciate the countrys economy while it would deteriorate the trade for the Australia too. Thus, if there is reduction in the exogenous money supply in US economy, then it would reduce the trade balance for both the countries while enhancing the exchange rate higher for the Australia and US too. On the other hand money market of the US will suffer from reduced liquidity while Australian money market will face boom in liquidity in short run, however, in long run it both the economies will take monetary policies to gauge the situation. 3.General theory of interest rate and inflation highlights that, if there is rise in interest rate in one trade participating nation, then it will lead to depreciation of exchange rate of another countrys exchange rate (Grauwe 2018). However, if there is rise in exchange rate in one trade participating nation and the other appreciates then it can be seen that the government of the other trade participating nation has been able to signaling the investors that there will be expected exchange rate appreciation of the countrys currency. In turn it later lead to appreciation of the spot exchange rate of the country that helps it to have better trade situation. Considering the case of Australia and US, it can be seen that long are those days gone, when Australian policy makers used to mechanistically follow the US Fed principles (Chung 2018). Australian now being driving on its economic growth for last 27 years, it is strong enough in front of small Fed hikes like mentioned in the given question (McCombie and Thirlwall 2016). Contrary to this US economy has been recently ailing from the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, which caused a crippling blow to the economy (Tenreyro and Thwaites 2016). Interest rate of the US economy during those days were lowest among all developed nations that allowed it to face currency depreciation and the economy was tremendous turmoil. However, contrary to this, Australian economy is stable enough since last three decades that has provided it much needed strength to withstand against ailing USD. According to the (Haberler 2017), appreciating the AUD is essential for the countrys regulatory authority in order to hold the rebalancing mining investment and in addition to this cost of borrowing can be affordable with the appreciated AUD. Thus, though there has been rise in the interest rate in US, Australian dollar yet has been appreciated. References: Bahmani-Oskooee, M. and Saha, S., 2015. On the relation between stock prices and exchange rates: a review article.Journal of Economic Studies,42(4), pp.707-732. Chung, F. (2018).What the US rate rise means for Australia. [online] NewsComAu. Available at: https://www.news.com.au/finance/economy/australian-economy/what-the-us-rate-rise-means-for-australia/news-story/f5377d654039b5a14457f6df561e6e1b [Accessed 8 Apr. 2018]. De Grauwe, P., 2018.Economics of monetary union. Oxford university press. Friedman, M., 2017. Quantity theory of money.The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, pp.1-31. Haberler, G., 2017.Prosperity and depression: A theoretical analysis of cyclical movements. Routledge. Keynes, J.M., 2016.General theory of employment, interest and money. Atlantic Publishers Dist. McCombie, J. and Thirlwall, A.P., 2016.Economic growth and the balance-of-payments constraint. Springer. Pigou, A., 2017.The economics of welfare. Routledge. Serrano, F. and Summa, R., 2015. MundellFleming without the LM curve: the exogenous interest rate in an open economy.Review of Keynesian Economics,3(2), pp.248-268. Tenreyro, S. and Thwaites, G., 2016. Pushing on a string: US monetary policy is less powerful in recessions.American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics,8(4), pp.43-74.

Describe and examine the major components of market orientation Essay Example

Describe and examine the major components of market orientation Essay Describe and examine the major components of market orientation in relation to the marketing mix, target marketing, relationship marketing and the marketing plan. In doing so, explain and evaluate how the passive concept of the marketing mix adopts a market orientation focus.The marketing mix, target marketing, relationship marketing and the marketing plan are the key constituent parts of marketing as a general concept. Any successful company must be market orientated, but not all businesses subscribe as much as they should to this requirement. There are three main components of market orientation customer orientation, competitor orientation and inter-functional co-ordination. We need to examine each component of marketing orientation and look at how effective the concept of market orientation is in terms of contributing to the success of a business.Market orientation has been characterised as that part of an organisation that requires customer satisfaction to be paramount within th e operations of a business (Liu et al, 2002). This, in turn, produces superior value for customers and outstanding performance for the firm (Day, 1994; Narver and Slater, 1990). A company must also remember that a customers expectations evolve over time, so there is an ever-present need for a company to deliver products of the highest quality and respond to changes in the marketplace (Jaworski et al, 1993).Every market orientated company wants to attract and retain customers and it can only do this by satisfying their wants and needs. In a company that is customer orientated, there are five main marketing tasks. These are:- identifying target markets- conducting market research- developing products- setting the right marketing mix- monitoring the marketIn order to ensure that this customer orientation is successful, initially management has to identify the customers to whom it wants to appeal. Managements choice of target markets will, in part, be governed by the socio-economic prof ile of its potential customers and its own ability to meet their needs. The company must also carry out market research to collect information on existing trends and the needs of customers. The market research will look at what competitors offer and how their innovations can be improved and in turn capitalised upon. Businesses need to develop products and services that meet the needs of its target consumers. Then, having identified potential target markets and developed relevant products, management must utilise the marketing mix. They must set the correct price, promote it in an appropriate way by using relevant marketing mediums, ensure that the placement of the product is suitable for its target customers and ensure the product is distributed widely.The company must then monitor the market by building a stable relationship with their customers. They need feedback from customers as to what they like about a particular product or service and what they dislike. By using this informa tion, they can tailor and tweak future products to ensure that they are better and more relevant.When looking at a customer orientated business from an economics and value-based perspective, consumers do not search for products with maximum quality or minimum price but seek products which are optimal to them on the quality-price-ratio (Rust and Oliver, 1994). When deciding on a product, customers consider both quality and non-quality dimensions such as price and speed of delivery. In the modern technological world, consumers have much more information available to them and the ability to ensure that their decision-making process is made as well-informed as possible. For example, websites such as Kelkoo (www.kelkoo.co.uk) and Pricerunner (www.pricerunner.co.uk) allow consumers to compare prices and delivery times on a range of products, as well as read reviews from other consumers to evaluate whether the item is suitable.The marketing mix is one of the most well known phrases in mark eting and incorporates the four Ps product, place, price and promotion. These concepts were first highlighted by McCarthy in 1960. Each of these components is vitally important to a company that is market orientated. In terms of ensuring that a company is customer orientated, it is likely that it will need to balance of all four Ps in order to attract customers to the product and entice them away from the companys competitors. However, the mix can vary as a company can alter how much importance it places on each component depending on the requirements of, or its own perceptions of, its prospective market.Above: The Marketing MixFor example, if a company has a new product where price may initially be less important compared to securing knowledge of its existence amongst the general public, the company will place more emphasis on the promotion element of the mix.A target market for a particular product is usually defined by its age, gender and socio-economic grouping. For example, ch ildrens toys are marketed to children and their parents but not to pensioners, though one should not forget that even they are potential grandparents. Similarly, a Barbie doll would not be marketed towards young boys.Therefore, in terms of customer orientation and target marketing, a business must ensure that it targets a suitable demographic background. There is no point in investing money in targeting customers who are not interested in the product. This means that the business will need to conduct market research in order to determine who their product appeals to and therefore where they should invest their marketing budget.Relationship marketing places emphasis on longer term links with customers rather than on individual transactions. The origins of modern relationship marketing date back to 1980 when Schneider (1980) noted: What is surprising is that researchers and businessmen have concentrated far more on how to attract customers to products and services than on how to retai n customers. Later, Fornell and Wernerfet (1987) coined the term defensive marketing to examine ways of increasing customer loyalty and reducing customer turnover. This is part of the competitor orientation component of market orientation. When using defensive marketing, a company focuses on reducing or managing the dissatisfaction of its customers, whereas offensive marketing focuses on tempting dissatisfied customers away from a competitor to generate new customers. This is of vital importance to a competitor orientated business if it is to assume a leading position in the market. As relationship marketing aims to build a rapport with customers through one good experience, it is likely that customers will assume that the company deals with them appropriately at all times so they are more likely to purchase from the company in future.Effective inter-functional co-ordination ensures that all departments of a business work in conjunction with each other to provide the best possible s ervice and price to consumers. Each part of the business needs to support the end marketing objectives of the business as a whole. For instance, the technical specifications of a product are just as important as the promotional aspects or the pricing strategy. They all have to work in tandem.Inter-functional coordination can be used effectively in the marketing mix to ensure that each department is properly represented. For example, the marketing department will need to consult with other departments in order to find out the relevant product specifications, the price that the item should be sold for and who the item is targeted to in order to work out the best way to promote the item. It means that every department must be communicating effectively with one another in order to ensure that the final customer experience is seamless.It must be noted, however, that there are alternatives to market orientation that dont encompass Narver and Slaters three components of customer orientatio n, competitor orientation and inter-functional co-ordination described above. Kohli and Jaworskis (1990) behavioural approach defined market orientation in terms of organisational behaviours such as the generation of information, dissemination of information and responsiveness to information.There are alternatives to a pure market orientation business philosophy such as sales orientation, production orientation and product orientation. Sales orientation focuses on selling the most number of units possible. Its premise is to make full use of selling, pricing, promotion and distribution skills just like a marketing orientated business, but unlike the latter, it pays less direct attention to the needs of customers and does not necessarily give priority to creating suitable products.A production orientated business is mainly concerned with making as many units as possible. In such a business, the needs of customers are secondary compared with the objective of increasing output. On the o ther hand, a product orientated business is obsessed with being at the forefront of its market in terms of believing that their product is the best in the market. They may, however, not be up-to-speed with the latest developments and consumer preferences and therefore may find that their competitors start to overtake them.However, none of these three alternatives is likely to prove successful in anything but the short term. Companies have choices as to how they orientate their business and ensure they target the right market. By using the marketing mix thoroughly and effectively as a total concept, companies can benefit and use the theory to their advantage. They must, however, ensure that the mix is correct: if they do not give any single component sufficient attention, the mix will fail to produce the right results.

Why You Should Be Authentic Essay Sample to Help You With Your Essay

Why You Should Be Authentic Essay Sample to Help You With Your EssayThere are many reasons to write an authentic essay, but the most important is the ability to convince others that you have genuine knowledge about your subject. That is why an authentic essay is the ultimate goal for those who want to build a respectable academic standing in their field. For this reason, we need to make sure that our essays are well crafted and can stand out among the rest of the crowd.The fact is that most students today will need to have an authentic essay written on their behalf in order to succeed in their major. However, there are a lot of tools and resources that can help with this process. Using an authentic essay as a guide can help you go a long way toward building a more respectable academic standing, and this can ultimately lead to a more successful future.Writing an essay doesn't have to be that hard when you understand the process. By choosing an authentic essay sample as your guide, you will be able to follow instructions precisely. Furthermore, if you learn how to make use of the various tools and resources available to you, you will be able to create a professional resume.For this reason, many students today choose to write their own essays instead of using the services of writing service providers. You don't even have to be a writer to create a well-written essay. If you are familiar with grammar and formatting, then you will be able to learn how to write an impressive essay within a short period of time.If you want to make use of essay samples as guides for your essays, it is important to make sure that you understand what these samples are. Don't limit yourself by not having any idea of what it is that you are writing about. Take your time to think about what your topic is, and then begin to compile ideas from this topic into the most convincing essay you can.When it comes to taking notes, you may find that you can refer to samples that have been given to you by different academic departments. For example, if you are taking notes about Shakespeare's plays, then you can take your notes from the essays written by the professors in those departments. By understanding the format that these examples have, you will be able to write a perfectly persuasive essay.In order to get the most out of the authentic essay sample, it is important to think about what it is that you are trying to convey. You will need to figure out what is the best way to begin and end your essay. In order to do this, you should make sure that you read up on the rules for the particular format that you are using.By following these steps, you will be able to create an impressive essay and be successful in your pursuit of getting an authentic essay. By using a comprehensive approach, you will be able to draw on a wealth of resources that are both useful and reliable. This approach will ensure that you can take care of all of the details of a well-written essay with the assur ance that they will turn out correctly.

Free sample - Education is not a Fundamental. translation missing

Education is not a Fundamental. Education is not a FundamentalThe   federal constitution of the united states of America doesn’t give a right to free Education to its citizens. This right is found in the constitutions of the various states. The states have put provisions in their constitution which   guarantee   free Education through the twelfth grade (Armor, 1995). This provision is popularly referred to as the Education article. This is evidenced in the ruling of the   case San   Antonio Independent School   District v Rodriguez , 411 U.S. 1 in the year 1973. In this case, the united sates supreme court reversed a Texas three - judge District court. In a case instigated in the federal district court for the western District of Texas , where   members of a group called the Edgewood Concerned Parent Association representing   their children   sued several school Districts such as San Antonio,   the judge contented that Education was a fundamental right. The verdict said that Education wa s a fundamental right and therefore discouraged discrimination on the bases of poverty. The parents had claims that the District of Edgewood was poor with a low tax base as compared to other Districts ( Armor, 1995). The case advanced through the legal system up to the supreme court but now with the Texas state as the defendant. The case reached the Supreme court in 1972 with a new set of judges being appointed to listen to it. Justice Lewis Powell actually acted as the swing vote in the case (Armor, 1995). The Verdict in part stated that Education was neither explicitly nor implicitly protected in the constitution and that the state of Texas which was the defendant in the case had failed to create a suspect class related to poverty. The court therefore held that Education was not a fundamental right under the U.S. constitution and therefore leaving it upon the states to determine all matters pertaining Education in their areas of jurisdiction. The supreme court also doesn’t explicitly empower congress to legislate on the subject of Education. This means that most federal education legislation falls under the spending clause of the constitution. This is a clause which empowers congress to tax as well as spend for the general welfare. The constitution however gives stipulations as far as the provision is concerned. It requires   that the provision has to be consistent with other constitutional rights provided by the federal government. These include the fourteenth Amendment’s right to protection under the law and the first Amendments right to the free exercise of, as well as the non establishment of a religion. Through this stipulation, the federal government   ensures a provision free of racial segregation and other forms of discrimination. Reference   Armor, D. (1995). Forced Justice : School Desegregation and the Law. New York : Oxford University Press.

Filipino Biologist Angel Alcala and Artifical Coral Reefs

Filipino Biologist Angel Alcala and Artifical Coral Reefs Angel Alcal has more than thirty years of experience in tropical marine resource conservationa. Angel Alcala is considered a world class authority in ecology and biogeography of amphibians and reptiles, and is behind the invention of artifical coral reefs to be used for fisheries in Southeast Asia. Angel Alcala is the Director of the Angelo King Center for Research and Environmental Management. Angel Alcala - Degrees: Undergraduate degree Silliman UniversityPh.D. Stanford University Angel Alcala - Awards: 1994 - The Field Museum Founders Council Award of Merit for contributions to environmental biologyMagsaysay Award for Public ServicePew Fellowship in Marine Conservation Work with Philippine Amphibians Reptiles: Angel Alcala has done the most comprehensive studies on Philippine amphibians and reptiles, and minor studies on birds and mammals. His research done between 1954 to 1999 lead to the addition of fifty new species of amphibians and reptiles.

Dividend Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dividend Policy - Essay Example The news report also cited a clause in the lawsuit, which states that Greenlight is voting AGAINST Proposal 2 in Apples proxy, which would eliminate preferred stock from Apples charter. The Proposal 2 bundles several proposals regarding how preferred stocks are issued at Apple. Apple responded that the charge is not appropriate, with Greenlight grossly misrepresenting data, which formed the basis for its own proposal. Based from the report, the dividend payment appears to be a form of extra or special dividend, which is paid during a period of high earning (Chapter 18). The success of its products, notably the iPhone and the iPad, saw the meteoric rise of Apple’s stock price, peaking at about $700 in September of 2012 (Molina). As a result, the company has a lot of cash on hand. Indeed, according to Apple it is distributing $45 billion within the span of three years (Molina). However, unlike most dividends under this category, Apple opted to follow quarterly payments, which is the most common practice among companies (Chapter 18). The decision to pay shareholders with dividends was only introduced after Steve Jobs’ death, after Tim Cook assumed leadership. Apple has been notorious for its policy of holding out on its cash hoard (particularly during Jobs’ tenure), and refusing to pay dividends to its shareholders. This dividend policy is, of course, justified. Apple has been known to spend much of its cash on research and development. This can also be attributed to the fact that dividend reduces the value of the firm (Chapter 18). Also, dividends are considered to be irrelevant as a policy. The reason for this is that â€Å"investors will not pay higher prices for firms with higher dividends because they do not need it to convert shares to cash† (Chapter 18). It was only last year that Apple changed its position when the company decided to pay

Accounting project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Accounting project - Essay Example considerably ‘greener’ alternative in the form of a hydrocarbon solvent, with a view that we can emulate the success that firms in the several states of United States and Europe have had by following a strategy from an ethical standpoint. Hydrocarbon alternatives have 90% fewer emissions into the environment, greater efficiency, and thus positive benefits for employees, and consumers alike. The company and its service has several uniqueness’s, these are as discussed below: The company will be started off in three different locations. The organisational structure and the decision making of the company will be centralised, i.e. all the decision making for major issues will be handled by the head office and chair person. The company will be set up in three different locations of which the head quarters will be in Abu Dhabi. The other two locations include Mumbai (India) and Cardiff (UK). All major decisions will be made by the chairman. The Abu Dhabi branch being the head quarters will include the main heads of operations, finance, HR, and marketing, will be responsible to handle the entire process across the three locations. The organisational structure of the company will be as illustrated below: a) Finance and HR Head: The finance and HR head will be located in Abu Dhabi and the accountants of the other two locations will be answerable here. All recruitments and weekly accounts need to be sent to the Head quarters and to be checked by the Finance head to ensure all the finances are in order. The finance head will also be responsible to manage the daily finances of the Abu Dhabi branch. b) Operations Head: The operations head will be located in Abu Dhabi and will be responsible to manage the customers as well as the operations staff including the drivers and the assistant. The operations head will also be responsible to mange the staff of the other two locations as well and will need to get daily reports for the activities from time the employees clocked

Impact of Ebusiness on an Organisation

Impact of Ebusiness on an Organisation 1.1 Introduction: The purpose of this project is to provide research findings of the impact of e-business on a particular organisation. The research carried out in this project was based on the performance of Ocado an online grocery company and being online business how this company differentiate itself from other companies in the same industry and get advantages of e-business in this modern era of technology. 1.2 Why e-business: Businesses that are run on the internet or uses information and communication technology to improve efficiency and profitability are known as e-businesses. The impact of e-business on an organisation is seems to me different and logical topic. It is different because it changes the living styles of people and effects the social lives of people. Going through research on this topic I can learn a lot of new things on the infrastructure of e-business and way of doing e-business. Due to technological boom e-business is the future of businesses. It would let me figure out the competitive advantage of e-business on traditional one and potential of change in social behaviour of people. The choice of this topic helps me to apply my academic knowledge and improve my communication and analytical skills and helps me to improve professional career. This topic not only provide me impact on one organisation but will also tell me how global businesses change due to technological revolutions. 1.3 Company Profile: Ocado is a British online retailer specialising groceries. Ocado is partly owned by John Lewis partnership pension fund. Ocado is a limited company was founded in 2002 by Jonathan Faiman, Jason Gissing and Tim Steiner, former Goldman Sachs merchant bankers. Ocado has a number of own brand products from Waitrose supermarket chain and also name brand groceries and items like toys, flowers and magazines. Since 2002 Ocado has been making losses even though it has won customer service awards in the UK. Ocado was listed on London Stock Exchange on July 2010 and is member of FTSE 250 Index. The company is operating on a warehouse model deprived of physical stores and operating as an online business. Ocado operates in Englands South East, South Coast, Midlands, North West and most of the Yorkshire. (http://www.ocadogroup.com/about-us/history.aspx) To revolutionise the way people shop forever, by giving them a uniquely innovative and greener alternative to traditional grocery shopping. (http://www.ocadogroup.com/en/about-us/mission-statement.aspx) Ocado is an online business; it has also launched iPhone, iPod touch, iPad and Android device applications which are most convenient way to shop for groceries. People do not require desktop PCs or laptops to shop online; they can use their phones to shop for groceries. Ocado allows its customers to price match with other main grocery stores in the UK. Ocado has launched online price match with its competitor store Tesco. Ocado is one of the rapidly growing online businesses in the UK with delivery area expanded to cover over 10m households. 1.4 Industry Profile: Online grocery retailing remains in its infancy with both demand and the proposition often limited in many countries. In the UK, online represents just 2.6% of the total UK grocery market. Nevertheless, with increasing broadband penetration and shopper lifestyles continuing to change, the internet looks set to become more important as a grocery retail channel in 2010. (http://www.igd.com/index.asp?id=1fid=1sid=8tid=30cid=1499) The value of the UK online grocery market to have grown by 85% from  £2bn in 2006 to  £3.7bn in 2009. Online is set to play a greater role in future grocery shopping patterns. We predict that the value of the online grocery market will nearly double in size to  £7.2bn by 2014, with a forecast annual growth rate more than three times faster than that of the wider grocery sector. Many online shoppers pick from a shortlist of favourites although more than nine in ten can be swayed to try something new. More than six in ten (62%) online shoppers mentioned that they would try something new if they could select a free sample. Other preferred tactics include better or more offers listed at the top of the page, offers on linked products and more prominent displays and descriptions of new products. However, although shopping online for groceries has become increasingly popular over the last few years, this section of shoppers represents less than one in four of those who buy goods and services online. This means there is a significant opportunity for grocery retailers to expand their online sales. (http://www.igd.com/index.asp?id=1fid=6sid=25tid=90cid=1409) 1.5 Aims and Objectives of the Report: To analyse the impact of e-business on Ocado and how the online business approach change the behaviour and motivation of people. One of the main aims of this report is to evaluate and compare the growth and financial performance of Ocado with other traditional grocery shopping organisations. Following are objectives of this report: To understand how Ocados online business approach progresses in order to achieve the revenue and market share. To analyse the financial performance of the Ocado and compare it with other supermarket retail industry. What are the potentials and limitations to the future growth of the online shopping businesses? Part 2: Information gathering and accounting/business techniques Sources Used: Primary data is original data that has been collected by a researcher by whatever means appropriate in the answer of a specific research question. i.e. it has been collected specifically for the Research Report.  Examples of primary data include questionnaires, interviews, e-mail contacts and surveys. (http://www.accaglobal.com/students/bsc/rap/gathering) Due to immediate surge in information technology industry, there is sufficient amount of secondary data available which has been used in this report. This data suffices all aspects of this report. Therefore most of my research is based on secondary data. Secondary data is data which has been collected by other people or organisations for their own purposes and researcher has used this data for different purposes. My secondary data consists of two main sources of collection: Library research: I went to local and college library and searched for several types of books and extract my project related material and used it in my report. BPPs Success in your research and analysis project provided the platform to sketch out broad counters of this research. The study text materials of ACCA (published by both BPP and Kaplan) has helped me to apply analytical techniques and also taught me how to evaluate my research findings. I also used articles published in ACCA student accountant relating my project which also helped me in meeting the goals of the project. Online research: Major parts of my research are based on material available online. This also shows impact of online on our research and daily use of communication. I find it quite credible to find online research material for a web based company. Following are the websites and search engines used to collect the information; Ocado limited website; this site provide the useful and more reliable information necessary for my project. This site provide me the audited annual reports of the company, company profile, history, investor information and other important information required. Competitors websites used for same purposes as mentioned above. ACCA website provide the help to find out the relative articles which I used to analyse the information. The food and grocery experts igd.com provides the statistical data about industry, surveys about trends in industry and its future. London Stock Exchange and NASDAQ websites provide the news about the industry, historic share performance competitors and surveys. Google, Yahoo and Bing are search engines used to find information about Ocado, retail industry and e-business techniques. Other websites used to find the news about Ocado , online grocery businesses, surveys and competitors are: Financial Times The Guardian BBC news 2.2 Methods of Analysis: To emphasize the impact of e-business on Ocado and to make comparison of its results in all business and financial aspects, results of Waitrose plc will be used. The objectives of the project are based on Ocados business approach and what make in it differentiate from other businesses, thus the report is based on the following aspects: Porters Generic Strategies. Consisting of three types of strategies to maintained and achieved competitive advantage by the businesses. Two strategies lie in the strategic strength, is a supply side dimension and focus on product differentiation and product cost. Third strategy lies in the strategic scope in the demand side dimension concentrate on the particular size and composition of the market. SWOT Analysis. It is strategic planning method used to evaluate the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats involved in an organisation. It analyse the external and internal factors of the organization that are favourable or unfavourable to achieve that organizations objectives. PEST Analysis. It is tool of environmental analysis, especially concentrates on macro environment which includes Political, Economic, Social culture and Technological factors. Trend Analysis. Using the past data to predict the future outcomes in the industry. B2C and B2B. Business 2 Customer includes customer service and interface design while Business 2 Business includes channel partner and system integration. Sales Growth. This will analysis the trend of sale over the past years and comparison with competitors. Profitability. The comparison of the profitability to past years and competitors and ability to generate profits. ROCE (Return on Capital Employed). Use to analysis the organization return on long term investment. Gross/Net Profit Margin. These ratios analyse the organizations operational efficiency, its costing policy and ability to control cost. Capital Gearing Ratios. Analyse the capital structure of the organization and reveal how much an organization relies on debt financing. Investor outlook. The return to shareholders compare with other organizations. Earnings per Share. This ratio shows the profit attributable to each individual share. 2.3 Limitations of Analysis: In order to analyse impact of e-business on an organisation, it is critical to make sure the sustainability of information technology remains constant in the industry. In todays environment as every organisation and governments are dependent on information technology, it is inevitable to some human error. From internet perspective selling online is quite new business as it only has 2.6% share in the whole retail industry. This information could change as new competitors introduce new business techniques which could impact this particular organisation. Some of the information taken from surveys has limitations as buying online grocery is quite newly introduced phenomena for British people and the information is not quite mature. Financial information use in this analysis has inherent limitations which include estimates and figures that are highly influenced by personal decisions. Financial statements are prejudiced by the choice of accounting policy e.g. a company seeking to improve its ROCE may choose not to revalue its assets. Financial statements have past data; it is not feasible to predict future on the basis of this data. In SWOT analysis there is problem for companies to identify the elements of their own organization e.g. strengths appears to one person can have different meaning for other. Ratios we used in our analysis also have inherent limitations. Firstly ratios are derived from financial statements that also have several limitations. Ratios are only useful when compared with the past results of the business and judge the performance of the business but the future forecast may not correct because several other factors also involved like market condition, etc. also the ratios have to be interpreted and different people may interpret differently. 2.4 Methodology used: Data collection is an important part of the project that should be planned and carried out and is completed in a well way for consideration. We have access to a lot of reliable and relevant information both online with easy access to internet and offline. Planning is completed and appropriate extraction of data provides help to develop good content of the reports. The method of search used is the Google search engine. By writing some key words in the search bar and clicking the entre it provides me the so many links of the websites that match with the key words. Most of the links are relevant to my search and contains a lot of information but some links are irrelevant to my research. However I am able to extract the relevant information suitable in the preparation of my project. Offline search include reading the books and journals and see if some information suitable for my report, make a note of it and use it later in my report. I done research thoroughly in advanced and bookmarks the relevant articles and websites using the web browsers because it could be needed to me for the citation of information if chosen to be quoted in my report. Using the study text materials (both Kaplan and BPP) to calculate the financial ratios and in their interpretation. Financial Statements of Ocado and Waitrose are downloaded from their respective websites. MS Excel was used for the graphical explanation of the ratio and trend analysis. Part 3: Analysis and Presentation 3.1 SWOT Analysis: Strengths: Broad range of products Contract with Waitrose Customer proposition Weaknesses: Dependence on UK market Loss making Opportunities: UK online retail industry Non food Threats: Future acquisitions Competitors Fraud STRENGHTS Broad range of products: In addition to its current area of strategic focus, the company intends to investigate growth opportunities by improving the customer offering continually through maintaining and improving the customer experience; increasing its core product range; and continuing to offer value to customers (Annual Report 2009, Ocado limited). Ocado sells more than 20,000 different products, the vast majority of which are sourced through Waitrose, a leading high quality UK supermarket. Approximately 4,300 of the products sold by Ocado are Waitrose-branded products. Ocados product range includes a small but expanding range of Ocado branded products (Ocadogroup.com, Strategic Overview). Choices of the different range of products enable the customers to buy the products that match their lifestyles and are within their budget. Also the availability of every type of product on one channel increases the chances of sale because customer did not want to go elsewhere if he find everything on one place. It helped consumers to spend less without compromising on choice or quality. Contract with Waitrose: The Companys reputation is based at least in part on its relationship with Waitrose and its ability to supply Waitrose branded products. If Waitrose ceased to supply the Company with products or if Waitrose were to suffer reputational damage which impacted on the Waitrose brand there could be an adverse effect on the Companys financial position and future prospects. The Company has a successful symbiotic relationship evolved over 10 years and has recently agreed a new branding and sourcing agreement until 2020. The Company is not dependant on the Waitrose supply chain as 85% of items sold are now sourced directly from suppliers. In May 2010, a new 10 years deal was signed with Waitrose (Annual Report 2009, Ocado Ltd). There were some rumours about Ocado and its 10 years contract with Waitrose. Previous contract signed for 10 years were with Waitrose was about to end and if this contract will not renewed it can cause big problems for Ocado because in 2010 Ocado is going to listed on London Stock Exchange. But in May 2010 deal with Waitrose was signed for 10 years in which there is a non-competition agreement with Waitrose and with Waitrose likely to extend its delivery services to highly lucrative M25 region. Customer proposition: Ocado offers delivery of grocery products to customers centrally picked from a single, state-of-the-art, highly automated warehouse (the customer fulfilment centre or CFC) (Ocadogroup.com, Strategic Overview). Customer satisfaction is part of every business, Ocado uses its unique strategy the customer fulfilment centre (CFC) in which Ocado make sure the availability of products, freshness of products and wide range of products. Sanford C. Bernstein Strategic Decisions Conference Europe 2010 Presentation, Ocado Ltd, shows; 99.4% fulfilment accuracy and product availability given structural advantages. 97.6% of orders delivered on time or early. Structural advantages allow Ocado to guarantee freshness and use-by dates. WEAKNESSES Dependence on UK market: Although Ocado is still expanding its business to the other parts of the country and it is probable that Ocado will make profit in near future. But the company is fully reliant on the UK retail industry, any changes in the UK retail industry or changes in UK economic conditions like recessions can affect the Ocados growth. Increased competition also affects the sale growth of the company. Loss making: Ocado is making losses since it was corporate. However, the last three year results shows that it is improving towards profits like in 2007 Ocado incurred the loss of  £40m, in 2008  £33m and in 2009 Ocado incurred the loss of  £23m, the reason for this losses is the expansion of Ocados operations around the UK. Due to large investment in expansion of operations, Ocado loses the confidence of investors and its share price decreases dramatically. The company and its advisers have been promoting the impression that the company will be valued at around  £1 billion after raising some  £200 million in the planned float, but many analysts, of course not those closely involved with the offer, are highly critical of this valuation (http://www.moneyobserver.com/news/10-07-01/ocado-and-fairfield-energy-ipos-under-spotlight). OPPORTUNITIES UK Online retail industry: UK grocery retail industry is largest industry with the sales revenue of  £146bn, while the online grocery business has only 2% of the total sales revenue. UK Online grocery sales (2007-14),  £bn (Sanford C. Bernstein Strategic Decisions Conference Europe 2010 Presentation, Ocado Ltd) These figures show the opportunities for Ocado in online retail industry to grab the sales because online retail industry looks highly opportunistic. Non-food: Extended the business in non-grocery products are part of the Ocados future developments. The potential of growth in non-grocery products is much more than grocery items, so there is an opportunity for Ocado to increase its sales revenue by extending the business in non-grocery items. As Ocado is online grocery business, only 2% of total retail shopping comprises of grocery, while 98% consist of other non-grocery items. THREATS Future acquisition: Ocado plans to expand its business all over the UK. It has many opportunities for the business but along this it also has the threats to business. Ocado is making losses since it is incorporate this is because of its acquisition strategy but if it still applied same strategy, Ocado will be in great trouble. It loses investors confidence due to high level of borrowings. If Ocado uses same strategy, it will be run out of cash for their operations. Competitors: The retail grocery industry is highly competitive and the online market place is no different. Ocado has an established business model and superior customer proposition. The proprietary IP and experience gives Ocado a competitive advantage. A clear strategy is in place to widen the customer base by improving online experience, customer service, product range and pricing, and reducing environmental impact (Annual Report 2009, Ocado Ltd). Ocado operates in a highly competitive retail market. With other supermarkets struggling for position in the UK retail market, Ocado invested in price cuts and discount promotions in order to stay competitive. This will affect the Ocados sales revenue and profits. Especially in recession, when customers are looking for low price products, price cuts could result in the decline of industry profitability. Price cuts also have an adverse effect on the perception of customers for the quality of products; this can damage the brand image of Ocado. Fraud: The risk of fraud from staff is less due to the nature of the business; IT procedures are in place to reduce this risk to further. Whatever the precautions are put in place to avoid the fraud but the we cannot reduce it to zero. There are potential threats of security breakdowns on their websites for online businesses. For Ocado major threat is the loss of sales due to credit card frauds. 3.2 PEST Analysis: Political: Ocado operate in United Kingdom, it provide it the stable political environment. Ocado can make long term decisions and this also guarantees Ocado a large range of economic actions. Political stability and strong economy provides the Ocado to get customer confidence and improve its operations. Economic: Economy plays a vital part in the operations of the Ocado. Economic conditions of the country influence the supply, demand, costs, prices and profits of the company. Due to recession in the world, UK along with other countries face the unemployment, this affects the demand and profit levels of the company. Sales growth decreases due to global recession, especially the sales of non food items are highly affected by this recession as people avoid the purchase of non essential items. Social: The social influence on the business of Ocado has been more important over the past few years. This is because the behaviour of people is changing towards grocery shopping. Due to lack of time and busy life, customers prefer to purchases in bulks and on one shop. Trend of online shopping has also been increased and this is beneficial for the Ocado. Ocado has different timing slots for deliveries suitable for customers according to their routine. Technological: Due to the nature of the business, technological factors have significantly influenced the Ocado. Recent technological advancements has revolutionised the organisations and changes the way of doing businesses. Online shopping saves the time of the busy people. Through introduction of technology it eliminates the need for paperwork and reduces the cost of administration work. 3.3 Porters Generic Strategies: Ocado aims to have a market leading customer proposition. Ocado introduced branded product to lower the prices of own label products sold (customer proposition, Ocado Ltd). Porter identified three generic strategies to take the advantage of competitive forces like cost leadership, differentiation and focus strategies. According to porters generic strategies Ocado comes under the cost leadership, where it is trying to compete with the market by lowering the cost. It launches Tesco price match for customers to compare prices with Tesco before purchase. However Ocado is not wholly dependent on one strategy because customer often seeks more than price satisfaction. They look for product quality, style and timely deliveries. Ocado competed his competitors by providing the customers high quality of products, availability of products and delivering the products to customers on time. We use smart thinking and cutting-edge technology to keep honing our uniquely efficient delivery model. This helps us to drive down prices and guarantee exceptional value for money. We have a passion for delivering quality groceries in perfect condition and on time, while treating our customers with care and honesty. This helps us to share our vision of a different way of shopping: a better, greener and more convenient one (Mission Statement, Ocado Ltd). PIMS (Profit impact of marketing strategy) data and other surveys show, that the intermediary positions are indeed profitable and therefore successfully exploited by many firms. (Michael Cronshaw, Evan Davis and John Kay (1994), pp. 19-33) 3.4 B2B and B2C: Both terms are used with reference to the internet technology and commonly applied in e-businesses. Business 2 Business largely concern itself with supply chain management and allows the business to directly contact with the suppliers and distributors. While business 2 consumer concern the relationship between the customer and the supplier. It primarily concern to sell goods to end consumers. All such businesses are online businesses and Ocado is the best example for such type of relationships. In business 2 business Ocado use the internet for searching products catalogues, ordering from suppliers, making invoices and making online payments. In business 2 consumer Ocado uses its website to offer customers a wide range of products, providing information about prices of the products, delivery timing and everything they want to know about the products, offers and Ocado. 3.5 Trend Analysis: [The entire figures used below are taken from the annual reports of Ocado Ltd, Tesco and Waitrose (johnlewis partnership) 2007-2009 unless otherwise stated.] Purchase frequency: The online market is dominated by those buying on a relatively infrequent basis. On average online grocery shoppers use the channel twice per month Three in ten (30%) only shopped online on a very occasional basis e.g. in an emergency or for special occasions such as Christmas Only one in six (15%) online grocery shoppers had a heavy reliance on online and shopped once a week or more frequently Most online shoppers fall into the regular/top-up group A third (34%) buy food and groceries online every 3-4 weeks One in five (21%) purchased slightly more frequently, once every 1-2 weeks (Online grocery shopping, igd.com) Key Financial Performance Indicators: Average order size ( £): The average size of the order was increased in 2008 from  £112.17 to  £116.3 which indicated the attraction of consumers toward the online shopping. In 2009 the average order size is slightly low than the previous years but this did not mean the reduction of people trends towards online shopping because if order size decreases in this year on one hand on the other side the sales growth increases by 25% in this year. Average number of orders/week: The increase in number of orders in 2008 is 12% higher than the previous one while in 2009 the increase is 25% per week. This shows the sales of the Ocado increases and Ocado has the potential the to expand his business in the growing market of online shopping business. Average % product wastage: The average percentage of product wastage of Ocado decreases continuously from 2007 to 2009. This is because of the increased efficiency of the operations of the Ocado and handling its products more effectively. Another reason for low wastage is the usage of the new technologies and less involvement of manual handlings. CO2 Emission: Ocado has taken actions to lower its carbon footprint and reduce its environmental impact include: closed-loop grocery bag recycling, whereby when making a delivery, drivers offer to collect used bags from customers which are recycled within the UK to make new Ocado grocery bags; wasting significantly less food as a percentage of gross sales than any of its competitors; and signing up to the Climate Change Agreement (with the Carbon Trust), which places certain obligations on management to monitor and lower carbon usage. Ocado has co-developed two prototype electric powered vans, which are currently completing testing before being introduced into Ocados delivery fleet. (Environmental awareness, Ocado Ltd) CFC Efficiency: The customers fulfilment centre (CFC) efficiency increases over the period of time. This efficiency has been achieved by the introduction of highly automated warehouses and less involvement of manual work. The company is willing to expand the CFC capacity by building the second CFC and the spoke network in the near future. Green business: Being green is part of Ocados business model. This has been recognised in various awards.Ocado was voted Green Retailer of the Year 2009 in The Grocer Gold Awards, Large Retailer of the Year 2008 in the Online Green Awards and won Ethical/Green Practice 2009 at the IMRG E-Commerce Awards for Excellence. A traditional supermarket requires deliveries first to be made to a regional distribution centre and then to the supermarket itself. Customers then often drive to the supermarket in order to shop, and the supermarkets themselves require energy to be lit and heated and tend to have open fridges and freezers in an otherwise ambient environment.   Ocado delivers straight from the CFC to a customers kitchen, which eliminates much of the carbon emissions generated by traditional supermarkets and their stores, and also reduces the number of cars on the road. Each Ocado delivery van replaces a significant number of car journeys every day. (Environmental awareness, Ocado Ltd) 3.6 Ratio Analysis: Sales Growth: The sales revenue of the Ocado has been increasing since 2007. The sales revenue in 2007 was  £273m while in 2008 it was  £321m an increase of 15% was being recorded. Not only this also in 2009 the sales revenue of Ocado was  £402m with an increase of 25% than the previous one. When we compare the sales growth of Ocado with its competitor Waitrose, the sales growth is 7% and 5% in 2008 and 2009 respectively. Waitrose sales growth percentage is not even half of the Ocados percentage and we can analyse that people purchase the same products online rather than going to stores for it. The increase in the sales revenue of Ocado has been seen since it was incorporate this is because the behaviour of people towards the online shopping is being changed with the passage of time and as the grocery industry hides in itself a lot of potential to make profit. Ocado achieved this by using its long term strategies and by introducing customer fulfilment centre in which Ocado emphases on the ne eds of the customers. (Annual reports 2007-2009,Ocado Ltd) Gross profit margin: The gross profits of Ocado seem to be remaining same over the past few years although the sales revenue of the company increases over the period. This is because the company keep its prices same to keep its customers to pay less in the period of recession. In 2009 the gross profit margin of the Ocado decreases from 32% to the 30.6%, the reason for this is further decrease in the selling price without any decrease in costs of the products. It happened because Ocado launches its price match campaign with Tesco and Sainsbury. It is also due to the reason