The Ideas Of A University - 922 Words

In John Henry Cardinal Newman’s discourse â€Å"The Ideas of a University† (1852), he sought to answer the question, â€Å"What is there is to show for the expense of a University; what is the real worth in the market of the article called ‘a Liberal Education.’† While this question was asked in the 1800s, many in today’s society still ask it today. One issue Newman argues for is the purpose of a university education, specifically the â€Å"utility† of the Liberal Arts. Although around one hundred and fifty years later, in many ways Newman’s claims and arguments on the issue of education in his time can be related to the issue of education in society today. Newman argues that universities should teach â€Å"all branches of knowledge† in order to fulfill its ultimate function in producing useful members of society through a process of nurturing the mind; furthermore, this production is the duty of human beings to their soci ety, nation, and world. In society today, many call into question the overall usefulness of a university education in the real world. In his time, Newman argues in favor of this method of education, stating that its purpose is the â€Å"training [of] good members of society† and its end result is for the â€Å"fitness for the world.† While careful to explain that he believes universities should teach â€Å"all branches of knowledge,† Newman argues that education will enable these students to be more useful in society due to their learned ability to formulate reasonable opinionsShow MoreRelatedThe Idea Of A University1528 Words   |  7 Pages23, 2015 The Idea of a University: Knowledge Its Own End Analysis The purpose of John Newman’s fifth discourse in, The Idea of a University: Knowledge Its Own End is to define the purpose of a University. Newman’s main claim â€Å"knowledge is its own end† is the focal point for discussion. Newman argues it is nearly impossible to contract the separate sciences in subject matter from knowledge, therefore, the attempt to break down what his claim means is reliant upon multiple ideas. Moreover, NewmanRead MoreEssay about Education: The Idea of A University1783 Words   |  8 PagesEducation: The Idea of A University It is true that every human being should have the right to a formal education. A great majority of parents send their children off to Kindergarten (or preschool if they should be so fortunate) in the hopes that someday they will watch their child receive his or her high school diploma. And the dream continues in the form of college. And who are these people who are privileged enough to receive such an honor. Just that...the privileged and the honored. TheRead MoreIdea of a University by John Henry Newman: Is This Still True Today?1028 Words   |  5 Pages In 1852 when John Henry Newman wrote his essay, â€Å"The Idea of a University,† he wanted to convey that a University’s purpose was to be able to educate first-rate members of the social order. Newman’s theory, although over a hundred years old, still applies to today’s college students; many are seeking higher educations to not only lead to successful careers, but to also become an im proved person in society. In a time when human endeavor was being redesigned, as industries, philosophiesRead MoreThe Idea Of Gatorade Was First Created By The University Of Florida Assistant Coach Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesThe idea of Gatorade was first created by the University of Florida assistant football coach when he was curious as to why many of his players were affected by the heat and contracted heat related illnesses. He worked together with a group of physicians from the university and discovered two factors as to why the players were feeling like this during practices and games. They found that the fluids and electrolytes the players lost through sweat were not being replaced and the amounts of carbs inRead MoreUniversity Plagiarism List Essay624 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Plagiarism In today’s era of education, plagiarism is a global issue, each university is facing heavy issue. It is derived from the Latin word â€Å"predatory†, which means kidnapping or theft. Stealing the intangible such as words, thoughts, illustrations or ideas is plagiarism (Girard, 2004). People have different views on plagiarism. Neville (2010) mentioned plagiarism is an academic term which consider the decision not to allocate credit to the work of others. Easterby-smith et al (2008, p50)Read MoreThe Newman Essay1278 Words   |  6 Pagesstudents require going to university? Is university the best place for students to become successful person with value job? According to Newman, he believes that students require studying in the university because it is the place to train the intellect and prepare for their future. Moreover, Newman considers that students should study all subjects in the college because these all branches of knowledge are connected together and relate tog ether. When people read the Newman Idea, most people will agreeRead MoreEthics And Intellectual Property Of Intellectual Properties1217 Words   |  5 PagesWhen discussing a creation or idea, the creator of such concept must be rewarded. This must be the case for any situation. For most cases this is true, but because the ownership of such properties bring financial benefits, and or settlements, regulations will continue to challenge what is right or wrong when dealing with intellectual property. This is accurate for many industries, field, and markets. The owner ship of intellectual properties can take a creation or idea worldwide, the profits fromRead MoreAnalysis of Managerial Decisions: Medford University1608 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis 03 Analyzing Managerial Decisions – Medford University Kajli Agrawal University of the Potomac BUS502-Managerial Economics January 25, 2015 Professor Geraldine Cameron Abstract Medford University is up against a financial crises and the management have found the need to tackle the crises on high priority. The primary focus is to tackle the considerable cost of fringe benefits and retirement benefits offered by the university to its employees. A whooping $100 million is spentRead MoreSafe Spaces, Safer Spaces And Positive Spaces1710 Words   |  7 Pagessubtle displays of racial or sexual bias – so that everyone can relax enough to explore the nuances of, say, a fluid gender identity. As long as all parties consent to such restrictions, these little islands of self-restraint seem like a perfectly fine idea.†[1] Where did the names safe spaces, safer-spaces and positive spaces come from? Originally these terms were used to indicate that a teacher, educational institution or student body does not tolerate anti-LGBT violence, harassment or hate speechRead MoreStudents Face A Different Education System983 Words   |  4 Pagesplagiarise. However, according to U.S universities, a person commits plagiarism if they present the ideas or words of another person as their own without proper recognition of the original author (Indiana University, 2005, Paragraph 2). When international students don’t understand the concept of plagiarism according to U.S universities, it is difficult for them to study and work in the universities. However, it is possible to understand American universities’ view towards plagiarism by understanding

Personal Financial Plan - 1391 Words

Personal Financial Plan FIS 210 Personal Finance Axia College of the University of Phoenix As I begin my personal financial plan, I will start with my goals for different points in my life. This will outline the overall plan for getting my finances in order. Even though I may not have enough time to complete my goals, completing my goals are important because of financial well-being and being able to retire comfortably. I will start with my long-term goals for my future. One long-term goal is that I need to pay off high interest credit cards. The second long term-goal is that I need to pay off school loans that I and my son have acquired while going to college. An extremely important long-term goal is to pay off my home†¦show more content†¦The program is very helpful and I can look up questions that I might have. I hope to use my refund to add to my savings plans. Retirement is a big part of the reason for every plan that I have in place. Retirement is on everyone that works mind. Almost everything that I am saving for at this point is for my retirement. I have a couple of retirement plans already. I just have not had much extra money to place in them. Now that I have a budget that I did not have before, I can after the first of the year start adding to them. A strong budget and savings can help me enter retirement and not have to struggle. As I get older and look toward retirement I have realized that I need to make sure my family is taken care of in the event of my death. I have a $150,000 term life insurance policy in place. In doing my assignments I realize that this amount might not be enough to take care of everything. In retirement my plan is to sell my home and buy a piece of property to build a smaller home, for my husband and me. We will not need a big house and can use the equity from the sale to pay for the new place. I want to be debt free, car payment and mortgage free in retirement. Until my retirement I intend to finish school and look for a new job. I hope to working in a bank or possibly in an office doing something in the accounting department. At the present time I have had an interview at our local Work One. I hope to hear something fromShow MoreRelatedPersonal Financial Plan1082 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal Financial Plan Part 1 Laura Grundowski Abstract This paper will discuss the beginning of my personal financial plan. It will also outline said plan into a budget that will be put to use throughout the next few months. Budgeting is a vital part of managing one’s personal finances. When beginning to budget one must pinpoint the sources of cash inflows and cash outflows. Having knowledge of your personal financial situation is also necessary in managing personal finances. If doneRead MorePersonal Financial Plan2798 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿Financial Plan Project By ADM 3445 E. Otuteye March 31st, 2010 1. Personal Characteristics/Goals The following consist of a constructed financial plan for Tyler Sisson. He is a single 22 year old and is completing his fourth year in the business program at University of New Brunswick. He has an apartment on Montgomery street, were he walks to school everyday, and plans toRead MorePersonal Financial Plan Part II1330 Words   |  6 PagesHead: PERSONAL FINANCIAL PLAN PART II​​​1 ​​ Personal Financial Plan Part II Zeinab Bazzi Baker College Personal Financial Plan Part II Daily economic activities have an important influence on personal financial planning. In our society, the forces of supply and demand play an important role in setting prices. Economics is the study of how wealth is created and distributed. By doing my research, I found that each economic situation would affect me at a personal levelRead MorePersonal Financial Plan For Insurance Coverage1030 Words   |  5 PagesIII: INSURANCE Current Insurance Policies and needed be During the process of filling out my personal financial plan the subject of insurance coverage has been reflected upon in every chapter. Each chapter and worksheet conveyed how vital the purchase of insurance is. It wasn’t until recently when I actually had to utilize my insurance that I found how beneficial it is. At this moment I have almost every coverage on the list: Rental Insurance, Automobile, Health, and Life insurance. DisabilityRead MorePersonal Financial Plan Part IIi1992 Words   |  8 Pages Personal Financial Plan Part III Group 10 Baker College Risk Management Every day of our daily lives we are exposed to a large variety of risks. Those risks can include large financial losses that may occur from investing in the stock market, to damage to your vehicle while driving to work, or fire damaged to your property while on vacation. All those unforeseen events can have the ability to drain all your financial resources, which can cause some major damage to your financial goalsRead MoreEssay on My Personal Financial Plan4406 Words   |  18 PagesMy Personal Financial Plan I. Current A. Description Currently I am a full time student, and senior, at majoring in Accounting and Finance. I do not have a part time job and do not plan to work until I graduate. I currently have taken out student loans to support myself through the rest of my college education. My parents pay for insurance payments for my car, cover my phone bill, and provide me with medical insurance. I pay for all the rest of my expenses, including rent, foodRead MoreQ1 T1977 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ (TCO 1) A(n) _____ summarizes your current financial situation, analyzes your financial   needs, and recommends a direction for your financial activities.    Student Answer:   insurance prospectus      statement      budget      investment forecast      financial plan    Instructor Explanation: Chapter 1, page 24    Points Received: 0 of 1    Comments:   2. Question : (TCO 1) In financial planning, a major activity component involves the    Student Answer:   allocation of current resources forRead MoreA personal financial plan is essentially important for any person and their loved ones to minimize1600 Words   |  7 PagesA personal financial plan is essentially important for any person and their loved ones to minimize future hardships and difficult financial situations. Short and long-term financial freedom and stability is something an individual wants to have through to the end of his or her life. Financially planning for one’s retirement years is vital so a person does not sustain major unhappiness or unnecessary pain in what is supposed to be the reward for working so hard in their younger years. DevelopingRead MorePersonal Investment692 Words   |  3 PagesPERSONAL INVESTMENT Personal investment is defined as an individual invest and manage their own financial instrument, such as, stocks, bonds, property and others. This personal investment is in aims of improve the liquidity and efficiency of the equity and capital of the individual. Basically, the individual investors have to develop their own investment plan and framework based on different characteristics of the individual investors. This is because the personal investment is very subjective,Read MorePersonal Financial Goals And Objectives Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesFinancial Plan is a written financial goal with define action plans that will help you to achieve such goals. Planning is important to set deliberate actions that will guide you in reaching your goals. It is even necessary when you are further from the set goal. When it comes to money, most individuals would love to manage their personal finances so that they achieve maximum satisfaction from each available currency. To achieve this goal, you must first identify the financial goals and set priorities

Acid Test For Starch And Glycogen - 1153 Words

Solution #9 Clear, colorless solution. P; Purple Protein Solution (+control) #10 Clear, yellow-orange solution. N Beer #11 Clear, colorless solution. N Distilled Water(-control) #12 Clear, colorless solution. P; Purple Unknown *Table #2 shows the results of biuret test on the given 12 samples, in which 2 are indicated positive: sample #9, the positive control of this section, and sample #12, the unknown. Table #3 Iodine Test for Starch and Glycogen in the Given Samples Samples Observation of Samples†¦show more content†¦P; Reddish Brown 1% Glycogen Solution #8 Clear, colorless solution. P; Blue-Black 1% Starch Solution #9 Clear, colorless solution. N Protein Solution #10 Clear, yellow-orange solution. N Beer #11 Clear, colorless solution. N Distilled Water(-control) #12 Clear, colorless solution. N Unknown *Table #3shows the results of iodine test on the given 12 samples, in which 2 are indicated positive: sample #7, the glycogen solution, and sample #8, the starch solution. The two can also be considered as positive controls for this section. Table #4 Benedict s Test for Oligosaccharides in the Given Samples #1 Clear, colorless solution. P; Brown 1% Glucose Solution (+control) #2 Clear, colorless solution. N 0.3% Glucose -1-phosphate #3 Clear, colorless solution. P; Reddish Brown 1% Maltose Solution #4 Clear, slightly yellow solution. P; Orange Honey Solution #5 Clear, colorless solution. N 1%

Breakthrough Therapy For Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic...

Introduction Breakthrough Therapy Designation is introduced as a new designation with the passage of the FDA Safety and Innovation Act of 2012 (FDASIA) [1]. According to section 902 of the FDASIA, the general criteria according to which this new designation can be applied are (1) serious or life-threatening disease or condition and (2) the drug also demonstrates substantial improvement over existing therapies on one or more clinically significant endpoints. Once a drug is designated as a Breakthrough Therapy, the FDA and the drug sponsor work closely to determine the most efficient pathway for generating additional evidence about safety and efficacy. As of March 31, 2015, a total of 293 requests for Breakthrough Therapy designation have been submitted, out of which 82 requests are granted [2]. This document outlines the application process for Breakthrough Therapy designation for novel drugs. It then proceeds with outlining the supporting data needed to apply for a Breakthrough Therapy designation for a novel anti-cancer molecule that has evidence of efficacy to treat patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. When to apply for designation request The Breakthrough Therapy designation is granted on the basis of evaluating preliminary clinical evidence obtained from clinical trial data in humans. The data from animal studies or studies conducted in vitro are insufficient to defend this Breakthrough Therapy designation [1] . Therefore, a sponsor usually submits a BreakthroughShow MoreRelatedLeukemia1235 Words   |  5 PagesLeukemia Description: Leukemia is a type of blood cancer that begins in the bone marrow. Types of leukemia- acute or chronic: Acute leukemia gets worse very fast and may make you feel sick right away. Chronic leukemia gets worse slowly and may not cause symptoms for years. And Lymphocytic or myelogenous: lymphocytic affects the white blood cells called lymphocytes and myelogenous affects the white blood cells called myelocytes. Sign and symptoms: fever/ night sweats, headaches, bruising/bleedingRead MoreEssay about Leukemia and Its Treatment843 Words   |  4 Pages Leukemia is something that we hear about a lot. I believe that people do not understand exactly what leukemia is and how dangerous it can be, I chose this topic to try to help them understand. In this paper I will explain what leukemia is and what treatments you can choose from to treat the cancer. Leukemia is a type of cancer. Cancer is a group of more than 100 diseases that have two or more important things in common. One is that certain cells in the body become abnormal. Another is that theRead MoreReview of Cancer Treatments2177 Words   |  9 Pages and Gleevec. They all have a different tasks and developments that take affects in the body but each remarkable in its own way. INTRODUCTION Cancer in one way or another touches all of us, whether as a patient or through the diagnosis of the people you love around you. Millions of patients who are faced with cancer are depending on oncologists everywhere to cure cancer so others will not suffer like they had to. Optimistically, sooner rather than later this international problem will come toRead MoreCauses And Consequences Of Cancer Essay2258 Words   |  10 Pagesare expected to be diagnosed, out of which 589,430 patients are expected to lose their battle against cancer in 2015.3 Currently, cancer is the second most common cause of death in the US after heart diseases, causing the deaths of about 1,620 people per day and is expected to become number one within next few years.4 The significant increase in a number of cancer patients every year has propelled the interest of scientists to hunt for novel therapies to treat cancer. As a result, many new advancesRead MorePediatric Nursing Study Guide -- Covering Communicable Diseases/ Blood Disorders/Childhood Cancers/Integumentary5211 Words   |  21 Pages* Varicella pneumonia (rare in normal children) * Hemorrhagic Varicella (tiny hemorrhages in vesicles and numerous petechiae in skin) * Chronic or transient thrombocytopenia * Nursing Care Management * Maintain standard, airborne and contact precautions until ALL lesions are crusted; for immunized child w mild breakthrough Varicella, isolate until no new lesions are seen. * Keep child in home away from susceptible individuals until vesicles have dried (usually 1 wk

Earth-Like Planets Free Essays

Running head: Earth-Like Planets Earth-Like Planets T. Nailor Miller-Motte College Online Critical Thinking – GS235 Dr. Marshall Lloyd Earth-Like Planets Introduction Do you believe that there is life on other planets? Better yet, do you believe that there is another planet that looks like earth? As far as I can remember, there has always been the question of â€Å"is there life in outer space? I remember being in grade school wondering if there were humans or aliens on other planets and if they were trying to communicate with us. We will write a custom essay sample on Earth-Like Planets or any similar topic only for you Order Now Around January 1986 the Space Shuttle Challenger exploded during takeoff in front of the entire world. As a teenager, this event was tragic and amazing at the same time because I felt that we were on our way to discovering new planets, solar systems, and other life forms. This tragic event was the start of my interest in outer space. Fast forward to 2012, the science community has greatly advanced our technology since the mid-eighties. Today, we have computers in everything, all types of space probes orbiting the universe, and unbelievable amounts of knowledge about outer space and other planets, but yet, and still, no proof of life in outer space. Will we ever know? Will we ever meet aliens? Only time will tell and personally I think we will, soon! After searching for an interesting subject to cover for this paper, I have discovered a very interesting article on the U. S. News website titled â€Å"Earth-Like Planet Found in Nearest Star System†. According to the article scientist say they have discovered a planet that looks like earth orbiting a star that bears a resemblance to our sun. The planet is said to be about 25 trillion miles away, making it very difficult for a space probe to reach the planet using current technology. It is estimated to take about 40,000 years to reach this planet, even though it is in the next closest planetary system to ours. â€Å"The planet, dubbed Alpha Centauri Bb, orbits a star in the Alpha Centauri system, a clump of three stars that are closer to us than any others in the night sky. It’s called Alpha Centauri Bb because the planet orbits the clump’s second-closest star, Alpha Centauri B (Cline, 2012)†. The question here is does this planet really exist, being that it is so far away? The science community and other publications believe that it does. The articles give some clues that are questionable and not all researchers agree that the planet is there. However, there are those who are absolutely convince that it actually exist. â€Å"The exquisitely high-quality data required to find an Earth-like planet doesn’t just happen by chance,† UC Berkeley astronomer Geoff Marcy wrote in an email (Khan, 2012). The writer seems to be very interested in this subject, but he only presented a few sources to start with. The main source is the lead scientist along with ten other scientists, who first published the original paper detailing and describing the entire discovery at eso. org. The reasons to accept this is that the writer provides information in the article that quotes a well-known scientist named Xavier Dumusque, a scientist at Geneva Observatory and lead author of the paper that published the discovery. Plus, the recent findings of other earth like planets, the huge amount of evidence available and the shear advancement of our technology are all motives to continue our search. Use of a special instrument that detects signal variations attached to the European Southern Observatory’s (ESO) telescope in La Silla, Chile (Cline S. , 2012), the excitement of the science community, and a special scientific technique called radial velocity (the velocity of an object in the direction of the line of sight) suggests this discovery is a major accomplishment. The writer also quoted Dumusque saying â€Å"It’s an extraordinary discovery and it has pushed our technique to the limit! † (Cline S. , 2012). What technique or techniques is the scientist referring to? What are our technical and technological limits at this point in time? Although we are able to send man to the moon, build an international space station, and send space probes deep into outer space, does not necessarily explain our technological abilities in detail. However, this information does suggest to the public that we are getting closer and closer to discovering other earth like planets. â€Å"We can’t be alone† The science community is getting very close to discovering earth-like planets and extraterrestrial life in outer space. This is considered a alued assumption among many researchers and astronomers. To date, they have actually discovered more than 800 of these exoplanets amongst the billions and billions of stars in our galaxy. The more planets found like HD40307g, the more they resemble earth with earth-like characteristics (the spinning on its axis, having a night and a day, and orbiting in the habitable zone). Astronomers are also finding them closer to our solar system. Another assumption of these findings are that humans are developing and advancing technology to communicate, navigate, and live in outer space in the near future. NASA said no candidate planet discovered thus far by Kepler â€Å"is exactly like Earth,† but noted that the spacecraft â€Å"has collected enough data to begin finding true sun-Earth analogs—Earth-size planets with a one-year orbit around stars similar to the sun. † (Poeter, 2012) According to space. com, private companies and NASA are working together to take the next step forward of launching humans into outer space. Entering the term space settlement, suggest that people can or will be living and working outside of earth, on the moon, mars, or in huge rotating orbital space settlements. The total energy resources of this solar system are about 2. 3 billion times the energy available on Earth. This is simply the Sun’s energy output — and the Sun is an enormous nuclear fusion reactor that works perfectly right now, today, and is perfectly safe — or at least isn’t going away (Globus, 2007). The claim regarding the existence of earth-like planets, do not contain any fallacies or reasoning tricks. The researchers, scientists, and astronomers are providing honest, verifiable, and creditable evidence regarding this subject. Their approach to discover earth-like planets may be from the heart and they may be very diligent in the exploration of the universe. Most of those involved including journalists who report these findings are well educated, intelligent, and experienced in the science of space study. â€Å"The interesting thing is that if they threw out some of their data, they got more precise measurements,† Eric Ford, an astronomer at the University of Florida at Gainesville, said in an interview (Khan, 2012). The use of misconceptions or myths would damage and be detrimental to their careers, reputation, and progress. Delusional reporting will only distort previous evidence of other exoplanets in outer space and therefore would challenge all findings. The clear and obvious evidence is the universal agreement among the science community in regards to the technological advancements, development of new techniques, quality of data and the cooperation and collaborative efforts of them all. The productivity of 21st century devices used to explore space produce unimaginable audio, visual, and tangible information that was never before possible. For example, the International Space Station is near completion, the Hubble Telescope orbits at the edge of the Milky Way Galaxy, and the recent landing of a space probe on Mars, are great accomplishments towards this effort in discovering life outside of earth. This supports the progression in science and is clear evidence that supports information reported by researchers, journalists, and scientists. The finding (of HD40307g) has yet to be confirmed by other analysis or observations. Not everyone is convinced this particular planet exists (Khan, 2012). There are those who are critical of the discovery of exoplanets. Eventually this will lead to more studies, research, and input on behalf of the critics. Either way this will also add to the efforts of space science as a whole. The conclusion is the science community and research scientists have found earth-like planets and we humans are closer to finding extraterrestrial life in outer space. According to several websites in the astronomer’s community, an extra-solar planet, or exoplanet, is a planet outside our Solar System but still within our Milky Way galaxy. A total of 846 such planets (665 planetary systems, including 126 multiple planetary systems) have been identified as of November 8, 2012, all of them within the Milky Way galaxy (â€Å"The extrasolar encyclopaedia,† 2012). Scientists around the world are very excited about the discovery of these exoplanets, especially Alpha Centauri Bb. According to The Independent and the L. A. Times, a new earth like planet that could have a climate that supports life and water adds to the excitement. The new planet, HD40307g is said to be in a multi-world solar system about 42 light years from our sun and sits at the right distance from its sun to allow liquid water on its surface. â€Å"It orbits well within in the stars habitable or Goldilocks zone – the region where temperatures are neither too hot nor too cold to sustain life (Hall, 2012). † With the discoveries of these planets and the rapid advancement of technology, discovering life in outer space appears to be believable and achievable. References 1. Cline, S. (2012, October 17). Earth-like planet found in nearest star system. Retrieved from http://www. usnews. com/news/articles/2012/10/17/earth-like-planet-found-in-nearest-star-system_print. html 2. The extrasolar encyclopaedia . (2012, November 8). Retrieved from http://exoplanet. eu/ 3. Khan, A. (2012, November 7). Possible earth-like planet could hold water; scientists cautious. Retrieved from http://articles. latimes. com/2012/nov/07/science/la-sci-sn-earthlike-planet-water-atmosphere-red-light-20121107 4. Hall, J. (2012, November 8). Revealed: New earth-like planet that could have a life-supporting climate and water. Retrieved from http://www. independent. co. uk/news/science/revealed-new-earthlike-planet-that-could-have-a-lifesupporting-climate-and-water-8297750. html – (Hall, 2012) 5. Globus, A. (2007, August 2). Space settlement and war. Retrieved from http://www. space. com/4140-space-settlement-war. html – (Globus, 2007) 6. Poeter, D. (2012, November 17). NASA’s Kepler renews hunt for earth-like planets. Retrieved from http://www. pcmag. com/article2/0,2817,2412264,00. asp – (Poeter, 2012) How to cite Earth-Like Planets, Papers

Australian Exchange Rate-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1. If investors expect an increase in the interest rate paid on US deposits, how the Australian exchange rate will change? Explain. 2. If there is a permanent exogenous decrease in the US money supply, please discuss its short run and long run effects on the US and Australian money markets, and the exchange rate, US$/AU$. 3. On 22nd of March 2018, US Federal Reserve raised interest rate by 0.25%. Correspondingly, however, Australian dollar (AU$) appreciated relative to the US dollar. Please search relevant information and use what you have learnt from this unit to explain this AU$ appreciation. Answers: 1.According to the investment theory, if there is rise in interest rate, then the aggregate private investment level will tend to rise (Friedman 2017). Considering the given scenario, where US and Australia is indulged in investment, if there is expected rise in return in US deposits, then more people from Australia will investment in the US banks. With rise in the investment flow from Australia to US market, there will be enhanced demand scenario in front of the US dollar and on the other hand demand of the Australian dollar will subsequently fall (Keynes 2016). With lower demand of the Australian dollar exchange rate of the country will eventually get depreciated. Thus if there is future expectation that interest rate paid on US deposits will increase, then it will depreciate the Australian exchange rate. Figure 1: Exchange rate framework Source: (Created by Author) Figure 1 highlights the exchange rate framework. From the above figure it can be seen that initial equilibrium between the AUD and USD takes place at point 1, where the dollar rate of return is R$. Now, if there is expectation regarding the rise in the dollar return from the US deposits, then it will force the expected return curve to move upward (marked with the blue expected return curve). Hypothetically if it is assumed that new equilibrium takes place at point 2, then it will enhance the exchange rate on behalf of the US. Contrary to this, exchange rate of the AUD will subsequently fall from its initial point (Point 2017). Thus, to conclude it can be said that if there is expected rise in interest rate paid on US deposits, then it will depreciate the Australian dollar. 2.Decrease in money supply cause differently to the economy on different period. For instance if there is decrease in exogenous money supply then it would reduce the money velocity and will lead to appreciation of USD compared to the other currency (Haberler 2017). Considering the given scenario of money supply if there is decrease in money supply in the US, then it would cause differently on different scenario. Appreciation of the money supply will reduce the export of the US goods in Australian economy and in long run it would hamper the US exchange depreciating the USD/AUD exchange rate. With reduced money supply, however, in long run the scenario will be different. For instance if there is appreciation in the exchange rate through exogenous decrease in the US money supply, then US regulatory agency will consider the monetary reformation (Bahmani and Saha 2015). Government of US would increase the money supply through monetary reformation policy. Increase in money supply will infl uence the aggregate demand and in addition it will reduce the interest rate. Through reduction in the interest rate in long run economy of US will adjust the exchange rate with Australian economy which will enhance the bilateral trade. On the other hand Australian money market will take contractionary monetary plan that can help the economy to withstand higher investment from US economy. Figure 2: Money supply framework Source: (Created by Author) Considering the figure 2, it can be seen that if there is permanent decrease in US money supply, then it would lead the money supply curve downward causing change in equilibrium from 1 to 2. From the second panel of the figure 2, it can be seen that money supply in US economy will increase in long run and in short run it will lower than the US real money supply requirement. On the other hand decreased exogenous money supply will lead to fall in the exchange rate of USD/AUD. Interest rate of the US economy will fall and through fall in the interest rate of the US economy, investors will invest in more amount in the Australian economy (Serrano and Summa 2015). This rise in investment in the Australian economy will appreciate the countrys economy while it would deteriorate the trade for the Australia too. Thus, if there is reduction in the exogenous money supply in US economy, then it would reduce the trade balance for both the countries while enhancing the exchange rate higher for the Australia and US too. On the other hand money market of the US will suffer from reduced liquidity while Australian money market will face boom in liquidity in short run, however, in long run it both the economies will take monetary policies to gauge the situation. 3.General theory of interest rate and inflation highlights that, if there is rise in interest rate in one trade participating nation, then it will lead to depreciation of exchange rate of another countrys exchange rate (Grauwe 2018). However, if there is rise in exchange rate in one trade participating nation and the other appreciates then it can be seen that the government of the other trade participating nation has been able to signaling the investors that there will be expected exchange rate appreciation of the countrys currency. In turn it later lead to appreciation of the spot exchange rate of the country that helps it to have better trade situation. Considering the case of Australia and US, it can be seen that long are those days gone, when Australian policy makers used to mechanistically follow the US Fed principles (Chung 2018). Australian now being driving on its economic growth for last 27 years, it is strong enough in front of small Fed hikes like mentioned in the given question (McCombie and Thirlwall 2016). Contrary to this US economy has been recently ailing from the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, which caused a crippling blow to the economy (Tenreyro and Thwaites 2016). Interest rate of the US economy during those days were lowest among all developed nations that allowed it to face currency depreciation and the economy was tremendous turmoil. However, contrary to this, Australian economy is stable enough since last three decades that has provided it much needed strength to withstand against ailing USD. According to the (Haberler 2017), appreciating the AUD is essential for the countrys regulatory authority in order to hold the rebalancing mining investment and in addition to this cost of borrowing can be affordable with the appreciated AUD. Thus, though there has been rise in the interest rate in US, Australian dollar yet has been appreciated. References: Bahmani-Oskooee, M. and Saha, S., 2015. On the relation between stock prices and exchange rates: a review article.Journal of Economic Studies,42(4), pp.707-732. Chung, F. (2018).What the US rate rise means for Australia. [online] NewsComAu. Available at: https://www.news.com.au/finance/economy/australian-economy/what-the-us-rate-rise-means-for-australia/news-story/f5377d654039b5a14457f6df561e6e1b [Accessed 8 Apr. 2018]. De Grauwe, P., 2018.Economics of monetary union. Oxford university press. Friedman, M., 2017. Quantity theory of money.The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, pp.1-31. Haberler, G., 2017.Prosperity and depression: A theoretical analysis of cyclical movements. Routledge. Keynes, J.M., 2016.General theory of employment, interest and money. Atlantic Publishers Dist. McCombie, J. and Thirlwall, A.P., 2016.Economic growth and the balance-of-payments constraint. Springer. Pigou, A., 2017.The economics of welfare. Routledge. Serrano, F. and Summa, R., 2015. MundellFleming without the LM curve: the exogenous interest rate in an open economy.Review of Keynesian Economics,3(2), pp.248-268. Tenreyro, S. and Thwaites, G., 2016. Pushing on a string: US monetary policy is less powerful in recessions.American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics,8(4), pp.43-74.